๐ The 1988 college football season
The champion and its path, the poll race week by week, the honours, the best games and every conference table.
Jump to any season1869โ2026
1988 national champion
Named by the selectors, with the road it took.
The path, Notre Dame12-0
- Sep 10vs#9MichiganW19-17
- Sep 17atMichigan StateW20-3
- Sep 24vsPurdueW52-7
- Oct 1vsStanfordW42-14
- Oct 8atPittsburghW30-20
- Oct 15vs#1Miami (FL)W31-30
- Oct 22vsAir ForceW41-13
- Oct 29vsNavyW22-7
- Nov 5vsRiceW54-11
- Nov 19vsPenn StateW21-3
- Nov 26at#2USCW27-10
- Jan 2vs#3West VirginiaW34-21Fiesta Bowl
The 1988 major bowls
No title game this year. The big bowls of the season, by date.
- Citrus BowlJan 2#13Clemson13#10Oklahoma6
- Cotton BowlJan 2#9UCLA17#8Arkansas3
- Fiesta BowlJan 2#1Notre Dame34#3West Virginia21
- Orange BowlJan 2#2Miami (FL)23#6Nebraska3
- Rose BowlJan 2#11Michigan22#5USC14
- Sugar BowlJan 2#4Florida State13#7Auburn7
The 1988 poll race
Rank by poll week, 1 at the top, or Elo by week. A poll line breaks where a team was unranked.
How this is measured
- Regular season ends
- Bowl season
Tap or drag on the chart to read a team's rank in any week.
AP rank, team by week
| Team | Aug23 | 30 | Sep6 | 13 | 20 | 27 | Oct4 | 11 | 18 | 25 | Nov1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29 | Dec6 | Jan3final |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notre Dame | 13 | 13 | 13 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Miami (FL) | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Florida State | 1 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
| Michigan | 11 | 10 | 9 | 15 | 15 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 20 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 4 |
| West Virginia | 16 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
| UCLA | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 6 |
| USC | 6 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 7 |
| Auburn | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 12 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 |
| Clemson | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 15 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 9 |
| Nebraska | 2 | 2 | 2 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 10 |
| Oklahoma State | 20 | 20 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | |||
| Arkansas | 20 | 17 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 12 | ||||||
| Syracuse | 19 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 13 | ||||||||
| Oklahoma | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 14 |
| Georgia | 12 | 12 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 11 | 18 | 19 | 17 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 15 |
| Washington State | 19 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 18 | 16 | |||||||||||
| Alabama | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 20 | 20 | 17 | ||
| Houston | 17 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 18 | ||||||||||||
| LSU | 18 | 17 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 14 | 19 | 16 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 19 | |
| Indiana | 18 | 14 | 20 | 20 | |||||||||||||
| Wyoming | 18 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | ||||||
| Colorado | 19 | ||||||||||||||||
| Washington | 20 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 20 | ||||||||||
| South Carolina | 19 | 19 | 16 | 14 | 14 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 18 | 17 | 15 | ||||||
| BYU | 20 | ||||||||||||||||
| Oregon | 20 | 18 | 20 | ||||||||||||||
| Florida | 17 | 14 | 20 | ||||||||||||||
| Penn State | 20 | 20 | 18 | 16 | 16 | ||||||||||||
| Ohio State | 18 | 18 | |||||||||||||||
| Iowa | 9 | 9 | 17 | 19 | 19 | ||||||||||||
| Michigan State | 15 | 15 | 15 | ||||||||||||||
| Texas | 19 | ||||||||||||||||
| Texas A&M | 10 | 11 | |||||||||||||||
| Tennessee | 17 | 18 |
Tap a rank to read it and highlight that team on the chart above.
Movers
AP rank on Aug 23 against the final AP rank. NR is not ranked.
Risers
- Oklahoma StateNR โ #11
- ArkansasNR โ #12
- SyracuseNR โ #13
- Notre Dame#13 โ #1
- West Virginia#16 โ #5
Fallers
- Iowa#9 โ NR
- Texas A&M#10 โ NR
- Oklahoma#3 โ #14
- Michigan State#15 โ NR
- Tennessee#17 โ NR
1988 final polls
The last ranking of the season in each poll.
1988 final pollsAP, Coaches, Elo
AP and Coaches
Jan 3 final| AP | Team | C | Rec |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Notre DameAPC | 1 | 12-0 |
| 2 | 2 | 11-1 | |
| 3 | 3 | 11-1 | |
| 4 | 4 | 9-2-1 | |
| 5 | 5 | 11-1 | |
| 6 | 6 | 10-2 | |
| 7 | 9 | 10-2 | |
| 8 | 7 | 10-2 | |
| 9 | 8 | 10-2 | |
| 10 | 10 | 11-2 | |
| 11 | 11 | 10-2 | |
| 12 | 13 | 10-2 | |
| 13 | 12 | 10-2 | |
| 14 | 14 | 9-3 | |
| 15 | 15 | 9-3 | |
| 16 | 16 | 9-3 | |
| 17 | 17 | 9-3 | |
| 18 | 9-3 | ||
| 19 | 8-4 | ||
| 20 | 19 | 8-3-1 | |
| Coaches only | |||
| 17 | |||
| 20 | |||
Elo top 25
rating, zAPAP championCCoaches champion
The 1988 honours
The Heisman vote and the major awards side by side, then the All-Americans.
The 1988 honoursHeisman: Barry Sanders
Heisman Trophy voting
Major awards
Show all 9 awards
Consensus All-Americans
A star marks a unanimous selection.
- Steve WalshMiami (FL)
- Troy AikmanUCLA
- Tim WorleyGeorgia
- Anthony ThompsonIndiana
- Barry Sandersโ unanimousOklahoma State
- Jason PhillipsHouston
- Hart Lee DykesOklahoma State
Show all 11 positions
- Marv CookIowa
- Tony MandarichMichigan State
- Anthony Phillipsโ unanimousOklahoma
- Mark StepnoskiPittsburgh
- Mike UtleyWashington State
- Wayne MartinArkansas
- Tracy Rockerโ unanimousAuburn
- Bill HawkinsMiami (FL)
- Mark Messnerโ unanimousMichigan
- Frank StamsNotre Dame
- Derrick Thomasโ unanimousAlabama
- Broderick Thomasโ unanimousNebraska
- Michael StonebreakerNotre Dame
- Donnell WoolfordClemson
- Louis OliverFlorida
- Deion Sandersโ unanimousFlorida State
- Darryl HenleyUCLA
- Keith EnglishColorado
- Kendall TrainorArkansas
- Steve WalshMiami (FL)
- Troy AikmanUCLA
- Tim WorleyGeorgia
- Anthony ThompsonIndiana
- Barry Sandersโ unanimousOklahoma State
- Jason PhillipsHouston
- Hart Lee DykesOklahoma State
- Marv CookIowa
- Tony MandarichMichigan State
- Anthony Phillipsโ unanimousOklahoma
- Mark StepnoskiPittsburgh
- Mike UtleyWashington State
- Wayne MartinArkansas
- Tracy Rockerโ unanimousAuburn
- Bill HawkinsMiami (FL)
- Mark Messnerโ unanimousMichigan
- Frank StamsNotre Dame
- Derrick Thomasโ unanimousAlabama
- Broderick Thomasโ unanimousNebraska
- Michael StonebreakerNotre Dame
- Donnell WoolfordClemson
- Louis OliverFlorida
- Deion Sandersโ unanimousFlorida State
- Darryl HenleyUCLA
- Keith EnglishColorado
- Kendall TrainorArkansas
The best games of 1988
The ten best games of the season by Game Score. Switch to the Elo score for a second opinion.
How this is measured
The best games of 198810 games
Upsets of 1988
The results the ratings gave the winner the least chance of, lowest first.
How this is measured
Upsets of 198810 upsets
1988 standings by conference
Every conference at once: conference and overall record, and the final AP rank. A star marks the conference champion.
1988 standings by conference10 groups
Atlantic Coast
8 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | AP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Clemsonโ conference champion | 6-1 | 10-2 | #9 |
| 2 | Virginia | 5-2 | 7-4 | |
| 3 | North Carolina State | 4-2-1 | 8-3-1 | |
| 4 | Wake Forest | 4-3 | 6-4-1 | |
| 5 | Maryland | 4-3 | 5-6 | |
| 6 | Duke | 3-3-1 | 7-3-1 | |
| 7 | North Carolina | 1-6 | 1-10 | |
| 8 | Georgia Tech | 0-7 | 3-8 |
Big Eight
8 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | AP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nebraskaโ conference champion | 7-0 | 11-2 | #10 |
| 2 | Oklahoma | 6-1 | 9-3 | #14 |
| 3 | Oklahoma State | 5-2 | 10-2 | #11 |
| 4 | Colorado | 4-3 | 8-4 | |
| 5 | Iowa State | 3-4 | 5-6 | |
| 6 | Missouri | 2-5 | 3-7-1 | |
| 7 | Kansas | 1-6 | 1-10 | |
| 8 | Kansas State | 0-7 | 0-11 |
Big Ten
10 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | AP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Michiganโ conference champion | 7-0-1 | 9-2-1 | #4 |
| 2 | Michigan State | 6-1-1 | 6-5-1 | |
| 3 | Iowa | 4-1-3 | 6-4-3 | |
| 4 | Illinois | 5-2-1 | 6-5-1 | |
| 5 | Indiana | 5-3 | 8-3-1 | #20 |
| 6 | Purdue | 3-5 | 4-7 | |
| 7 | Ohio State | 2-5-1 | 4-6-1 | |
| 8 | Northwestern | 2-5-1 | 2-8-1 | |
| 9 | Minnesota | 0-6-2 | 2-7-2 | |
| 10 | Wisconsin | 1-7 | 1-10 |
Big West
8 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fresno Stateโ conference champion | 7-0 | 10-2 | |
| 2 | CSU-Fullerton | 5-2 | 5-6 | |
| 3 | Utah State | 4-3 | 4-7 | |
| 4 | San Jose State | 4-3 | 4-8 | |
| 5 | UNLV | 3-4 | 4-7 | |
| 6 | Long Beach State | 3-4 | 3-9 | |
| 7 | Pacific | 2-5 | 2-9 | |
| 8 | New Mexico State | 0-7 | 1-10 |
Mid-American
9 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Western Michiganโ conference champion | 7-1 | 9-3 | |
| 2 | Eastern Michigan | 5-2-1 | 6-3-1 | |
| 3 | Ball State | 5-3 | 8-3 | |
| 4 | Central Michigan | 5-3 | 7-4 | |
| 5 | Ohio | 4-3-1 | 4-6-1 | |
| 6 | Toledo | 4-4 | 6-5 | |
| 7 | Kent State | 3-5 | 5-6 | |
| 8 | Bowling Green | 1-6-1 | 2-8-1 | |
| 9 | Miami (OH) | 0-7-1 | 0-10-1 |
Pacific-10
10 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | AP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | USCโ conference champion | 8-0 | 10-2 | #7 |
| 2 | UCLA | 6-2 | 10-2 | #6 |
| 3 | Washington State | 5-3 | 9-3 | #16 |
| 4 | Arizona | 5-3 | 7-4 | |
| 5 | Arizona State | 3-4 | 6-5 | |
| 6 | Washington | 3-5 | 6-5 | |
| 7 | Oregon | 3-5 | 6-6 | |
| 8 | Oregon State | 2-5-1 | 4-6-1 | |
| 9 | Stanford | 1-5-2 | 3-6-2 | |
| 10 | California | 1-5-1 | 5-5-1 |
Southeastern
10 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | AP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Auburnโ conference champion | 6-1 | 10-2 | #8 |
| 2 | LSUโ conference champion | 6-1 | 8-4 | #19 |
| 3 | Georgia | 5-2 | 9-3 | #15 |
| 4 | Alabama | 4-3 | 9-3 | #17 |
| 5 | Florida | 4-3 | 7-5 | |
| 6 | Mississippi | 3-4 | 5-6 | |
| 7 | Tennessee | 3-4 | 5-6 | |
| 8 | Kentucky | 2-5 | 5-6 | |
| 9 | Vanderbilt | 2-5 | 3-8 | |
| 10 | Mississippi State | 0-7 | 1-10 |
Southwest
8 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | AP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arkansasโ conference champion | 7-0 | 10-2 | #12 |
| 2 | Texas A&M | 6-1 | 7-5 | |
| 3 | Houston | 5-2 | 9-3 | #18 |
| 4 | Texas Tech | 4-3 | 5-6 | |
| 5 | Baylor | 2-5 | 6-5 | |
| 6 | TCU | 2-5 | 4-7 | |
| 7 | Texas | 2-5 | 4-7 | |
| 8 | Rice | 0-7 | 0-11 |
Western Athletic
9 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wyomingโ conference champion | 8-0 | 11-2 | |
| 2 | UTEP | 6-2 | 10-3 | |
| 3 | Hawaii | 5-3 | 9-3 | |
| 4 | BYU | 5-3 | 9-4 | |
| 5 | Utah | 4-4 | 6-5 | |
| 6 | Air Force | 3-5 | 5-7 | |
| 7 | San Diego State | 3-5 | 3-8 | |
| 8 | New Mexico | 1-7 | 2-10 | |
| 9 | Colorado State | 1-7 | 1-10 |
Independent
25 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | AP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Notre Dame | - | 12-0 | #1 |
| 2 | Florida State | - | 11-1 | #3 |
| 3 | Miami (FL) | - | 11-1 | #2 |
| 4 | West Virginia | - | 11-1 | #5 |
| 5 | Southern Mississippi | - | 10-2 | |
| 6 | Syracuse | - | 10-2 | #13 |
| 7 | Army | - | 9-3 | |
| 8 | Louisville | - | 8-3 | |
| 9 | South Carolina | - | 8-4 | |
| 10 | Northern Illinois | - | 7-4 | |
| 11 | Memphis State | - | 6-5 | |
| 12 | Pittsburgh | - | 6-5 | |
| 13 | SW Louisiana | - | 6-5 | |
| 14 | Akron | - | 5-6 | |
| 15 | Penn State | - | 5-6 | |
| 16 | Rutgers | - | 5-6 | |
| 17 | Tulane | - | 5-6 | |
| 18 | Louisiana Tech | - | 4-7 | |
| 19 | Temple | - | 4-7 | |
| 20 | Tulsa | - | 4-7 | |
| 21 | Boston College | - | 3-8 | |
| 22 | Cincinnati | - | 3-8 | |
| 23 | East Carolina | - | 3-8 | |
| 24 | Navy | - | 3-8 | |
| 25 | Virginia Tech | - | 3-8 |
1988 bowls
One line per game, latest first. A tag marks the playoff and the other major bowls.
1988 bowls17 bowls
Show all 17 bowls
I-AA. Shown for context. These seasons do not count in this hubโs major-college records.
Champion
I-AA national champion.
Playoff
Round by round.
I-AA playoff
1988 standings by conference
Overall and conference record.
1988 standings by conference11 groups
Big Sky
9 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Idaho | 7-1 | 11-2 | |
| 2 | Montana | 6-2 | 8-4 | |
| 3 | Boise State | 5-3 | 8-4 | |
| 4 | Nevada | 4-4 | 7-4 | |
| 5 | Northern Arizona | 4-4 | 6-5 | |
| 6 | Weber State | 4-4 | 5-6 | |
| 7 | Montana State | 4-4 | 4-7 | |
| 8 | Eastern Washington | 2-6 | 2-8-1 | |
| 9 | Idaho State | 0-8 | 11-0 |
Gateway
7 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Western Illinois | 6-0 | 10-2 | |
| 2 | SW Missouri State | 4-2 | 5-5 | |
| 3 | Indiana State | 4-2 | 5-6 | |
| 4 | Northern Iowa | 3-3 | 5-6 | |
| 5 | Eastern Illinois | 2-4 | 5-6 | |
| 6 | Southern Illinois | 2-4 | 4-7 | |
| 7 | Illinois State | 0-6 | 1-10 |
Ivy
8 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pennsylvania | 6-1 | 8-2 | |
| 2 | Cornell | 6-1 | 7-2-1 | |
| 3 | Princeton | 4-3 | 6-4 | |
| 4 | Dartmouth | 4-3 | 5-5 | |
| 5 | Yale | 3-3 | 3-6-1 | |
| 6 | Columbia | 2-5 | 2-8 | |
| 7 | Harvard | 2-5 | 2-8 | |
| 8 | Brown | 0-6 | 0-9-1 |
Mid-Eastern
7 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Florida A&M | 4-2 | 6-4-1 | |
| 2 | Delaware State | 4-2 | 5-5 | |
| 3 | Bethune-Cookman | 4-2 | 5-6 | |
| 4 | Howard | 3-3 | 7-4 | |
| 5 | North Carolina A&T | 2-4 | 2-9 | |
| 6 | South Carolina State | 2-4 | 2-9 | |
| 7 | Morgan State | 0-6 | 1-10 |
Ohio Valley
7 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eastern Kentucky | 6-0 | 11-3 | |
| 2 | Middle Tennessee State | 4-2 | 7-4 | |
| 3 | Murray State | 4-2 | 4-6 | |
| 4 | Tennessee State | 2-4 | 3-7-1 | |
| 5 | Austin Peay | 2-4 | 3-8 | |
| 6 | Morehead State | 2-4 | 3-8 | |
| 7 | Tennessee Tech | 1-5 | 1-10 |
Patriot
6 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lafayette | 5-0 | 2-1 | |
| 2 | Holy Cross | 3-1 | 9-2 | |
| 3 | Lehigh | 2-3 | 6-5 | |
| 4 | Bucknell | 2-3 | 3-7 | |
| 5 | Colgate | 2-3 | 2-9 | |
| 6 | Davidson | 0-4 | 0-10 |
Southern
8 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Furman | 6-1 | 13-2 | |
| 2 | Marshall | 6-1 | 11-2 | |
| 3 | Citadel | 5-2 | 8-4 | |
| 4 | Appalachian State | 4-3 | 6-4-1 | |
| 5 | UT-Chattanooga | 3-3 | 4-7 | |
| 6 | VMI | 1-5 | 2-9 | |
| 7 | East Tennessee State | 1-6 | 2-9 | |
| 8 | Western Carolina | 1-6 | 2-9 |
Southland
7 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Northwestern State | 6-0 | 10-3 | |
| 2 | Stephen F. Austin | 5-1 | 10-3 | |
| 3 | North Texas | 4-2 | 8-4 | |
| 4 | McNeese State | 3-3 | 6-5 | |
| 5 | Northeast Louisiana | 2-4 | 5-6 | |
| 6 | SW Texas State | 1-5 | 4-7 | |
| 7 | Sam Houston State | 0-6 | 3-8 |
Southwestern Athletic
8 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jackson State | 7-0 | 8-1-2 | |
| 2 | Grambling | 5-2 | 8-3 | |
| 3 | Alabama State | 4-3 | 7-3 | |
| 4 | Alcorn State | 4-3 | 6-4 | |
| 5 | Southern | 4-3 | 6-5 | |
| 6 | Prairie View | 3-4 | 5-5 | |
| 7 | Mississippi Valley State | 1-6 | 3-8 | |
| 8 | Texas Southern | 0-7 | 0-11 |
Yankee
9 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Massachusetts | 6-2 | 8-4 | |
| 2 | Delaware | 6-2 | 7-5 | |
| 3 | Connecticut | 4-4 | 7-4 | |
| 4 | Maine | 4-4 | 7-4 | |
| 5 | New Hampshire | 4-4 | 6-5 | |
| 6 | Villanova | 4-4 | 5-5-1 | |
| 7 | Boston University | 3-5 | 4-7 | |
| 8 | Rhode Island | 3-5 | 3-8 | |
| 9 | Richmond | 2-6 | 4-7 |
Independent
10 teams| # | Team | Conf | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Georgia Southern | - | 10-2 | |
| 2 | Western Kentucky | - | 9-4 | |
| 3 | Nicholls State | - | 7-4 | |
| 4 | William & Mary | - | 6-4-1 | |
| 5 | Towson | - | 5-5 | |
| 6 | Arkansas State | - | 5-6 | |
| 7 | James Madison | - | 5-6 | |
| 8 | Northeastern | - | 4-7 | |
| 9 | Youngstown State | - | 4-7 | |
| 10 | Lamar | - | 3-8 |
Where these numbers come from
Enough to disbelieve this page on purpose rather than by accident.
Champions, polls, standings, bowls, honours and games are read from the Citizen of Nowhere college football database, built from its own workbook one season at a time. Team colours and crests are the current programsโ, so a school is drawn the way it looks today even where it played under another name.
The AP poll begins in 1936, so earlier seasons have no poll race and no final poll, but they do have an Elo race, and their champions are those the selectors named. Before 1992 there was no title game, so those seasons list the major bowls instead; from 1992 the title game is shown with the other major bowls, and from 2014 the playoff bracket. Where the database has no entry for a section, the section is left out rather than shown empty.
Elo ratings, the upsets and the best games come from the siteโs college football Elo, which rates every game since 1869 and counts games against lower-level opponents. Each seasonโs ratings are shown on a scale where the average major team ends the season at 1500; z is the distance from that average in standard deviations.