Netherlands
At a glance
- Official language
- Dutch
- Currency
- Euro (€)
- Government
- Constitutional monarchy
- Demonym
- Dutch
- Time zones
- Atlantic Time Zone, Central European Time
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +31
- Internet TLD
- .nl
- ISO 3166
- NL
- Established
- 1815
- Highest point
- Mount Scenery (870 m (2,854 ft))
- National anthem
- Wilhelmus
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentHigh income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations4 full memberships
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History69 leaders · click to expand
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Rob Jetten✦ Current
2026–PresentPrime Minister
Dick Schoof
2024–2026Prime Minister
👑 King Willem-Alexander✦ Current
2013–PresentMonarch
Mark Rutte
2010–2024Prime Minister
Jan Peter Balkenende
2002–2010Prime Minister
Wim Kok
1994–2002Prime Minister
Ruud Lubbers
1982–1994Prime Minister
👑 Queen Beatrix
1980–2013Monarch
Dries van Agt
1977–1982Prime Minister
Joop den Uyl
1973–1977Prime Minister
Barend Biesheuvel
1971–1973Prime Minister
Piet de Jong
1967–1971Prime Minister
Jelle Zijlstra
1966–1967Prime Minister
Jo Cals
1965–1966Prime Minister
Victor Marijnen
1963–1965Prime Minister
Jan de Quay
1959–1963Prime Minister
Louis Beel
1958–1959Prime Minister
👑 Queen Juliana
1948–1980Monarch
Willem Drees
1948–1958Prime Minister
Louis Beel
1946–1948Prime Minister
Wim Schermerhorn
1945–1946Prime Minister
Dirk de Geer
1939–1940Prime Minister
Hendrik Colijn
1933–1939Prime Minister
Ruijs de Beerenbrouck
1929–1933Prime Minister
Dirk de Geer
1926–1929Prime Minister
Hendrik Colijn
1925–1926Prime Minister
Ruijs de Beerenbrouck
1918–1925Prime Minister
Pieter Cort van der Linden
1913–1918Prime Minister
Theo Heemskerk
1908–1913Prime Minister
Theo de Meester
1905–1908Prime Minister
Abraham Kuyper
1901–1905Prime Minister
Nicolaas Pierson
1897–1901Prime Minister
Joan Röell
1894–1897Prime Minister
Gijsbert van Tienhoven
1891–1894Prime Minister
👑 Queen Wilhelmina
1890–1948Monarch
👑 Queen Emma (Regent)
1890–1898Regent
Aeneas Mackay
1888–1891Prime Minister
Jan Heemskerk
1883–1888Prime Minister
C.Th. van Lynden van Sandenburg
1879–1883Prime Minister
Kappeyne van de Coppello
1877–1879Prime Minister
Jan Heemskerk
1874–1877Prime Minister
Gerrit de Vries
1872–1874Prime Minister
Johan Rudolf Thorbecke
1871–1872Prime Minister
Pieter Philip van Bosse
1868–1871Prime Minister
Isäac Dignus Fransen van de Putte
1866–1866Prime Minister
Jan van Zuylen van Nijevelt
1861–1868Prime Minister
Floris Adriaan van Hall
1860–1861Prime Minister
Jan Jacob Rochussen
1858–1860Prime Minister
J.L.H. van der Brugghen
1856–1858Prime Minister
Floris Adriaan van Hall
1853–1856Prime Minister
Johan Rudolf Thorbecke
1849–1853Prime Minister
👑 King William III
1849–1890Monarch
Gerrit de Kempenaer
1848–1849Prime Minister
Gerrit Schimmelpenninck
1848–1848Prime Minister
👑 King William II
1840–1849Monarch
👑 King William I
1815–1840Monarch
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Rob Jetten✦ Current | Prime Minister | 2026–Present |
| Dick Schoof | Prime Minister | 2024–2026 |
| 👑 King Willem-Alexander✦ Current | Monarch | 2013–Present |
| Mark Rutte | Prime Minister | 2010–2024 |
| Jan Peter Balkenende | Prime Minister | 2002–2010 |
| Wim Kok | Prime Minister | 1994–2002 |
| Ruud Lubbers | Prime Minister | 1982–1994 |
| 👑 Queen Beatrix | Monarch | 1980–2013 |
| Dries van Agt | Prime Minister | 1977–1982 |
| Joop den Uyl | Prime Minister | 1973–1977 |
| Barend Biesheuvel | Prime Minister | 1971–1973 |
| Piet de Jong | Prime Minister | 1967–1971 |
| Jelle Zijlstra | Prime Minister | 1966–1967 |
| Jo Cals | Prime Minister | 1965–1966 |
| Victor Marijnen | Prime Minister | 1963–1965 |
| Jan de Quay | Prime Minister | 1959–1963 |
| Louis Beel | Prime Minister | 1958–1959 |
| 👑 Queen Juliana | Monarch | 1948–1980 |
| Willem Drees | Prime Minister | 1948–1958 |
| Louis Beel | Prime Minister | 1946–1948 |
| Wim Schermerhorn | Prime Minister | 1945–1946 |
| Dirk de Geer | Prime Minister | 1939–1940 |
| Hendrik Colijn | Prime Minister | 1933–1939 |
| Ruijs de Beerenbrouck | Prime Minister | 1929–1933 |
| Dirk de Geer | Prime Minister | 1926–1929 |
| Hendrik Colijn | Prime Minister | 1925–1926 |
| Ruijs de Beerenbrouck | Prime Minister | 1918–1925 |
| Pieter Cort van der Linden | Prime Minister | 1913–1918 |
| Theo Heemskerk | Prime Minister | 1908–1913 |
| Theo de Meester | Prime Minister | 1905–1908 |
| Abraham Kuyper | Prime Minister | 1901–1905 |
| Nicolaas Pierson | Prime Minister | 1897–1901 |
| Joan Röell | Prime Minister | 1894–1897 |
| Gijsbert van Tienhoven | Prime Minister | 1891–1894 |
| 👑 Queen Wilhelmina | Monarch | 1890–1948 |
| 👑 Queen Emma (Regent) | Regent | 1890–1898 |
| Aeneas Mackay | Prime Minister | 1888–1891 |
| Jan Heemskerk | Prime Minister | 1883–1888 |
| C.Th. van Lynden van Sandenburg | Prime Minister | 1879–1883 |
| Kappeyne van de Coppello | Prime Minister | 1877–1879 |
| Jan Heemskerk | Prime Minister | 1874–1877 |
| Gerrit de Vries | Prime Minister | 1872–1874 |
| Johan Rudolf Thorbecke | Prime Minister | 1871–1872 |
| Pieter Philip van Bosse | Prime Minister | 1868–1871 |
| Isäac Dignus Fransen van de Putte | Prime Minister | 1866–1866 |
| Jan van Zuylen van Nijevelt | Prime Minister | 1861–1868 |
| Floris Adriaan van Hall | Prime Minister | 1860–1861 |
| Jan Jacob Rochussen | Prime Minister | 1858–1860 |
| J.L.H. van der Brugghen | Prime Minister | 1856–1858 |
| Floris Adriaan van Hall | Prime Minister | 1853–1856 |
| Johan Rudolf Thorbecke | Prime Minister | 1849–1853 |
| 👑 King William III | Monarch | 1849–1890 |
| Gerrit de Kempenaer | Prime Minister | 1848–1849 |
| Gerrit Schimmelpenninck | Prime Minister | 1848–1848 |
| 👑 King William II | Monarch | 1840–1849 |
| 👑 King William I | Monarch | 1815–1840 |
WWII (Government-in-Exile)
Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy
1940–1945Prime Minister
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy | Prime Minister | 1940–1945 |
Sovereign Principality
👑 William I
1813–1815Sovereign Prince
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 William I | Sovereign Prince | 1813–1815 |
Kingdom of Holland
👑 Louis Bonaparte
1806–1810King
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Louis Bonaparte | King | 1806–1810 |
Batavian Republic
Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck
1805–1806Grand Pensionary
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck | Grand Pensionary | 1805–1806 |
Dutch Republic
👑 William V
1751–1795Stadtholder
👑 William IV
1747–1751Stadtholder
Anthonie Heinsius
1702–1720Grand Pensionary
👑 William III
1672–1702Stadtholder
Johan de Witt
1653–1672Grand Pensionary
👑 William II
1647–1650Stadtholder
👑 Frederick Henry
1625–1647Stadtholder
👑 Maurice of Nassau
1585–1625Stadtholder
👑 William the Silent
1581–1584Stadtholder
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 William V | Stadtholder | 1751–1795 |
| 👑 William IV | Stadtholder | 1747–1751 |
| Anthonie Heinsius | Grand Pensionary | 1702–1720 |
| 👑 William III | Stadtholder | 1672–1702 |
| Johan de Witt | Grand Pensionary | 1653–1672 |
| 👑 William II | Stadtholder | 1647–1650 |
| 👑 Frederick Henry | Stadtholder | 1625–1647 |
| 👑 Maurice of Nassau | Stadtholder | 1585–1625 |
| 👑 William the Silent | Stadtholder | 1581–1584 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Conflicts since 19452 interstate wars · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operation Trikora | 1961–1962 | Indonesia | 223+ |
| Korean War [ 9 ]● | 1950–1953 | North Korea,China,Soviet Union | 2,568,927–4,096,927 |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”
Billionaires13 · $79.6B combined · click to expand
| # | Name | Net worth | Industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 56 | Jean-Louis van der Velde | $38.0B | Finance & Investments |
| 183 | Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken & family(inherited) | $15.5B | Food & Beverage |
| 622 | Remon Vos | $6.6B | Real Estate |
| 1171 | Kommer Damen(inherited) | $3.7B | Manufacturing |
| 1727 | Arnout Schuijff | $2.4B | Technology |
| 1742 | John de Mol | $2.4B | Media & Entertainment |
| 2174 | Lesley Bamberger(inherited) | $1.9B | Real Estate |
| 2206 | Joop van den Ende | $1.9B | Media & Entertainment |
| 2341 | Pieter van der Does | $1.8B | Technology |
| 2466 | Rolly van Rappard | $1.6B | Finance & Investments |
| 2734 | Adriaan Mol | $1.4B | Technology |
| 3123 | Martin Lavoo(inherited) | $1.2B | Manufacturing |
| 3154 | Steven Schuurman | $1.1B | Technology |
Source: Forbes real-time billionaires (via the rtb-api project). Net worth as of the latest monthly snapshot.
National Teams
Netherlands on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
National Teams Champions
Every major championship won by Netherlands's national teams, newest first. 3 in total.
| Year | Date | Champion | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | — | Netherlands | UEFA Women's Championship |
| 1996 | — | Netherlands | Olympic men's volleyball |
| 1988 | 1988-06-25 | Netherlands | European Championship |
Constituents and territories
6 entries listed under Netherlands. Click any to see its own metros.
Provinces
12 entries listed under Netherlands. Click any to see its metros and footprint.
Netherlands metro footprint
43 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.