Bulgaria
At a glance
- Official language
- Bulgarian
- Currency
- Euro (€)
- Government
- Parliamentary republic
- Legislature
- National Assembly of Bulgaria
- Demonym
- Bulgarian
- Time zone
- UTC+02:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +359
- Internet TLD
- .bg, .бг
- ISO 3166
- BG
- Established
- 1878
- Highest point
- Musala (2,925 m (9,596 ft))
- National anthem
- Mila Rodino
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentHigh income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations3 full memberships
Security
Political & Economic
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History53 leaders · click to expand
Progressive Bulgaria era
Kiril Petkov✦ Current
2021–PresentPrime Minister
Rumen Radev
2026–2021Prime Minister
Iliana Iotova✦ Current
2026–PresentPresident
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Kiril Petkov✦ Current | Prime Minister | 2021–Present |
| Rumen Radev | Prime Minister | 2026–2021 |
| Iliana Iotova✦ Current | President | 2026–Present |
Political instability era
Rosen Zhelyazkov
2025–2026Prime Minister
Dimitar Glavchev
2024–2025Prime Minister
Nikolai Denkov
2023–2024Prime Minister
Galab Donev
2022–2023Prime Minister
Kiril Petkov
2021–2022Prime Minister
Rumen Radev
2017–2026President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Rosen Zhelyazkov | Prime Minister | 2025–2026 |
| Dimitar Glavchev | Prime Minister | 2024–2025 |
| Nikolai Denkov | Prime Minister | 2023–2024 |
| Galab Donev | Prime Minister | 2022–2023 |
| Kiril Petkov | Prime Minister | 2021–2022 |
| Rumen Radev | President | 2017–2026 |
EU member era
Rosen Plevneliev
2012–2017President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Rosen Plevneliev | President | 2012–2017 |
EU accession era
Georgi Parvanov
2002–2012President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Georgi Parvanov | President | 2002–2012 |
Pre-EU reform era
Petar Stoyanov
1997–2002President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Petar Stoyanov | President | 1997–2002 |
Post-communist transition
Zhelyu Zhelev
1990–1997President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Zhelyu Zhelev | President | 1990–1997 |
People's Republic of Bulgaria
⚠️ Todor Zhivkov
1954–1989First Secretary
Vulko Chervenkov
1950–1954First Secretary
Georgi Dimitrov
1946–1949Prime Minister
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠️ Todor Zhivkov | First Secretary | 1954–1989 |
| Vulko Chervenkov | First Secretary | 1950–1954 |
| Georgi Dimitrov | Prime Minister | 1946–1949 |
Kingdom of Bulgaria
👑 Simeon II
1943–1946Monarch
👑 Boris III
1918–1943Monarch
👑 Ferdinand I
1887–1918Monarch
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Simeon II | Monarch | 1943–1946 |
| 👑 Boris III | Monarch | 1918–1943 |
| 👑 Ferdinand I | Monarch | 1887–1918 |
Principality of Bulgaria
👑 Alexander I
1879–1886Monarch
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Alexander I | Monarch | 1879–1886 |
Second Bulgarian Empire
👑 Ivan Shishman
1371–1395Emperor
👑 Ivan Alexander
1331–1371Emperor
👑 Ivan Asen II
1218–1241Emperor
👑 Boril
1207–1218Emperor
👑 Kaloyan
1196–1207Emperor
👑 Ivan Asen I
1188–1196Emperor
👑 Peter II
1185–1197Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Ivan Shishman | Emperor | 1371–1395 |
| 👑 Ivan Alexander | Emperor | 1331–1371 |
| 👑 Ivan Asen II | Emperor | 1218–1241 |
| 👑 Boril | Emperor | 1207–1218 |
| 👑 Kaloyan | Emperor | 1196–1207 |
| 👑 Ivan Asen I | Emperor | 1188–1196 |
| 👑 Peter II | Emperor | 1185–1197 |
First Bulgarian Empire
👑 Ivan Vladislav
1015–1018Emperor
👑 Gavril Radomir
1014–1015Emperor
👑 Samuel
997–1014Emperor
👑 Roman
977–997Emperor
👑 Boris II
969–977Emperor
👑 Peter I
927–969Emperor
👑 Simeon I the Great
913–927Emperor
👑 Simeon I the Great
893–913Knyaz
👑 Vladimir
889–893Knyaz
👑 Boris I
852–889Knyaz
👑 Presian I
836–852Khan
👑 Malamir
831–836Khan
👑 Omurtag
814–831Khan
👑 Krum
803–814Khan
👑 Kardam
777–803Khan
👑 Telerig
768–777Khan
👑 Pagan
767–768Khan
👑 Toktu
766–767Khan
👑 Umor
766–766Khan
👑 Sabin
763–766Khan
👑 Telets
760–763Khan
👑 Vinekh
754–760Khan
👑 Sevar
738–754Khan
👑 Kormisosh
721–738Khan
👑 Tervel
700–721Khan
👑 Asparuh
681–700Khan
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Ivan Vladislav | Emperor | 1015–1018 |
| 👑 Gavril Radomir | Emperor | 1014–1015 |
| 👑 Samuel | Emperor | 997–1014 |
| 👑 Roman | Emperor | 977–997 |
| 👑 Boris II | Emperor | 969–977 |
| 👑 Peter I | Emperor | 927–969 |
| 👑 Simeon I the Great | Emperor | 913–927 |
| 👑 Simeon I the Great | Knyaz | 893–913 |
| 👑 Vladimir | Knyaz | 889–893 |
| 👑 Boris I | Knyaz | 852–889 |
| 👑 Presian I | Khan | 836–852 |
| 👑 Malamir | Khan | 831–836 |
| 👑 Omurtag | Khan | 814–831 |
| 👑 Krum | Khan | 803–814 |
| 👑 Kardam | Khan | 777–803 |
| 👑 Telerig | Khan | 768–777 |
| 👑 Pagan | Khan | 767–768 |
| 👑 Toktu | Khan | 766–767 |
| 👑 Umor | Khan | 766–766 |
| 👑 Sabin | Khan | 763–766 |
| 👑 Telets | Khan | 760–763 |
| 👑 Vinekh | Khan | 754–760 |
| 👑 Sevar | Khan | 738–754 |
| 👑 Kormisosh | Khan | 721–738 |
| 👑 Tervel | Khan | 700–721 |
| 👑 Asparuh | Khan | 681–700 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Conflicts since 19451 interstate war · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia | 1968 | Czechoslovakia | 254+ |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”
Billionaires2 · $5.9B combined · click to expand
| # | Name | Net worth | Industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1437 | Georgi Domuschiev | $2.9B | Diversified |
| 1437 | Kiril Domuschiev | $2.9B | Diversified |
Source: Forbes real-time billionaires (via the rtb-api project). Net worth as of the latest monthly snapshot.
National Teams
Bulgaria on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
Provinces
28 entries listed under Bulgaria. Click any to see its metros and footprint.
Bulgaria metro footprint
25 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.