Romania
At a glance
- Official language
- Romanian
- Currency
- Romanian Leu (lei)
- Government
- Semi-presidential system
- Legislature
- Parliament of Romania
- Demonym
- Romanian
- Time zone
- UTC+02:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +40
- Internet TLD
- .ro
- ISO 3166
- RO
- Established
- 1859
- Highest point
- Moldoveanu Peak (2,544 m (8,346 ft))
- National anthem
- Deșteaptă-te, române!
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentHigh income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations3 full memberships
Security
Political & Economic
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History14 leaders · click to expand
Republic (since 1989)
Nicușor Dan✦ Current
2025–PresentPresident
Klaus Iohannis
2014–2025President
Traian Băsescu
2004–2014President
Ion Iliescu
2000–2004President
Emil Constantinescu
1996–2000President
Ion Iliescu
1989–1996President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Nicușor Dan✦ Current | President | 2025–Present |
| Klaus Iohannis | President | 2014–2025 |
| Traian Băsescu | President | 2004–2014 |
| Ion Iliescu | President | 2000–2004 |
| Emil Constantinescu | President | 1996–2000 |
| Ion Iliescu | President | 1989–1996 |
Communist Romania (1947–1989)
⚠️ Nicolae Ceaușescu
1965–1989General Secretary
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
1947–1965General Secretary
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠️ Nicolae Ceaușescu | General Secretary | 1965–1989 |
| Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej | General Secretary | 1947–1965 |
Kingdom of Romania
👑 Michael I
1940–1947Monarch
👑 Carol II
1930–1940Monarch
👑 Michael I
1927–1930Monarch
👑 Ferdinand I
1914–1927Monarch
👑 Carol I
1866–1914Monarch
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Michael I | Monarch | 1940–1947 |
| 👑 Carol II | Monarch | 1930–1940 |
| 👑 Michael I | Monarch | 1927–1930 |
| 👑 Ferdinand I | Monarch | 1914–1927 |
| 👑 Carol I | Monarch | 1866–1914 |
Founding & Principality
Alexandru Ioan Cuza
1859–1866Domnitor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Alexandru Ioan Cuza | Domnitor | 1859–1866 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Billionaires6 · $17.3B combined · click to expand
| # | Name | Net worth | Industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 852 | Ion Stoica | $5.0B | Technology |
| 852 | Matei Zaharia | $5.0B | Technology |
| 1788 | Ion Tiriac | $2.3B | Finance & Investments |
| 1929 | Dragos Paval | $2.2B | Fashion & Retail |
| 2695 | Adrian Paval | $1.5B | Fashion & Retail |
| 2952 | Daniel Dines | $1.3B | Technology |
Source: Forbes real-time billionaires (via the rtb-api project). Net worth as of the latest monthly snapshot.
National Teams
Romania on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
National Teams Champions
Every major championship won by Romania's national teams, newest first. 4 in total.
| Year | Date | Champion | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1974 | — | Romania | IHF World Championship |
| 1970 | — | Romania | IHF World Championship |
| 1964 | — | Romania | IHF World Championship |
| 1961 | — | Romania | IHF World Championship |
Administrative subdivisions
42 entries listed under Romania across 2 types. Click any to see its metros and footprint.
Counties (41)
Cities (1)
Romania metro footprint
52 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.