LA28 Olympics · resolves 30 Jul 2028
How many gold medals does Poland win at LA28?
3 gold medals80% range 1 gold medals to 7 gold medals
Poland
2026 population
37.3M
Rank #41 globally
Area
313k km² (121k sq mi)
Metros tracked
71
68% of population in metros
Composite score
121.3
Rank #20 globally
population: Monthly national estimate (31 May 2026) · indicators as of 5 Sep 2026 · 71 metros tracked
🗺️ Geography71 metros
Poland metro footprint, shaded by composite tier.
Loading map…
71 polygons
Select a metro for its rank and a link to its page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
🏙️ 71 tracked metros
71 metros
#91Warsaw★ Capital▲ Largest
Masovian · 3.6M · Major Metro
31.2
#218Upper Silesian
Silesian · 3.0M · Regional Hub
13.2
#226Krakow
Lesser Poland · 1.4M · Regional Hub
12.5
#295Wrocław
Lower Silesian · 1.0M · Established Metro
9.1
#364Gdansk
Pomeranian · 1.7M · Established Metro
7.2
#454Poznan
Greater Poland · 1.3M · Established Metro
5.5
#541Łódź
Łódź · 1.0M · Emerging Metro
4.5
#549Lublin
Lublin · 494K · Emerging Metro
4.4
#773Bydgoszcz–Toruń
Kuyavian-Pomeranian · 845K · Emerging Metro
2.6
#820Opole
Opole · 307K · Emerging Metro
2.4
#902Częstochowa
Silesian · 420K · Emerging Metro
2.0
#908Oświęcim
Lesser Poland · 148K · Emerging Metro
2.0
🗂️ Provinces
16 entries listed under Poland. Select any to see its metros and footprint.
16 total
📋 At a glance
- Official language
- Polish
- Currency
- Złoty (PLZ)
- Government
- Unitary state
- Legislature
- Parliament of Poland
- Constitution
- 1997, 2 amendment events since
- Demonym
- Polish
- Time zones
- Central European Summer Time, Central European Time, UTC+01:00, UTC+02:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +48
- Internet TLD
- .pl
- ISO 3166
- PL
- Established
- 1918
- Highest point
- Rysy (2,501 m (8,205 ft))
- National anthem
- Poland Is Not Yet Lost
Facts via Wikidata.
🗣️ Languages of Poland
Polish first; 4 languages share the country; 1 official.
| Language | Share | Status | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Polish | 96% | Official | CLDR, country |
| English | 33% | None | CLDR, country |
| German | 19% | Regional | CLDR, country |
| Russian | 18% | None | CLDR, country |
| Silesian | 1.3% | None | CLDR, country |
| Belarusian | 0.6% | None | CLDR, country |
Shares count first and second language, so they overlap and can add past 100%.
- English reach
- 33%
- Tier 3 country
- Effective languages
- 1.0
- Official-language gap
- 4%
- Polish is spoken by 96%
📰 In the news1 story
The Washington Post · 16 Aug 2026
What I learned about the American Dream from Europeans pretending to live in OhioA fake Ohio trailer park in Poland, and what the people playing Americans think Americans are.
💹 Economy and developmentHigh income
Human Dev. Index
#34 / 1910.906
UNDP · 2023
GDP
#21 / 193$1.04T
World Bank · 2025
GDP per capita
#45 / 193$28.4k
World Bank · 2025
GDP/capita (PPP)
#39 / 190$54.3k
World Bank · 2025
GNI/capita (Atlas)
#45 / 192$25.5k
World Bank · 2025
Life expectancy
#48 / 19478.4 yrs
World Bank · 2024
Median age
41.3 yrs
UN WPP · 2023
Urban population
#106 / 19460%
World Bank · 2025
Pop. growth
-0.3%
World Bank · 2025
Pop. density
#73 / 193120/km² (310/mi²)
World Bank · 2023
Foreign-born
#94 / 1934.5%
World Bank · 2024
Rule of law
#38 / 1750.88
V-Dem · 2025
Gini index
#20 / 16628.5
World Bank · 2023
Internet users
#66 / 19389%
World Bank · 2024
Inflation
#115 / 1853.8%
World Bank · 2025
CO₂ per capita
#163 / 1927.1 t
Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Renewable electricity
#96 / 18632%
Ember · 2025
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN WPP, V-Dem, Global Carbon Budget, Ember, Energy Institute; CC BY 4.0). Each card credits its originating body. Renewable share is of electricity generation, not of primary energy. Each figure is the most recent year available.
🔮 What happens next
Our forecasts, frozen before the result and scored after it.
LA28 Olympics · resolves 30 Jul 2028
How many medals in all does Poland win at LA28?
13 medals80% range 7 medals to 23 medals
🏛️ Leadership History66 leaders · click to expand
is an editorial flag: associated with atrocities against civilians, systemic subversion of the constitutional order, or a criminal conviction (political persecutions and annulled convictions excluded). It is a curated list, not a measurement, so a name without one has not been cleared of anything. Hover a badge for the reason on file. marks a monarch.
Third Polish Republic
Karol Nawrocki✦ Current
President · Independent (PiS-backed) · 10m 25d
2025–Present
Donald Tusk✦ Current
Prime Minister · KO · 2y 6m 27d
2023–Present
Mateusz Morawiecki
Prime Minister · PiS · 6y 3d
2017–2023
Beata Szydło
Prime Minister · PiS · 2y 6d
2015–2017
Andrzej Duda
President · PiS · 10y 23d
2015–2025
Ewa Kopacz
Prime Minister · PO · 1y 1m
2014–2015
Bronisław Komorowski
President · PO · 5y
2010–2015
Bronisław Komorowski
Acting President · PO · 3m
2010–2010
Donald Tusk
Prime Minister · PO · 6y 10m 12d
2007–2014
Jarosław Kaczyński
Prime Minister · PiS · 1y 4m 10d
2006–2007
Lech Kaczyński
President · PiS · 4y 3m 9d
2005–2010
Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz
Prime Minister · PiS · 8m 16d
2005–2006
Polish People's Republic
Wojciech Jaruzelski
General Secretary · PZPR
1981–1989
Stanisław Kania
General Secretary · PZPR
1980–1981
Edward Gierek
General Secretary · PZPR
1970–1980
Władysław Gomułka
General Secretary · PZPR
1956–1970
Edward Ochab
General Secretary · PZPR
1956–1956
Bolesław Bierut
President · PPR / PZPR
1945–1956
Government-in-Exile / WWII
Władysław Sikorski
Prime Minister (in exile) · Front Morges / Independent
1939–1943
Władysław Raczkiewicz
President (in exile) · Independent
1939–1945
Second Polish Republic
Ignacy Mościcki
President · Nonpartisan Bloc (BBWR)
1926–1939
Józef Piłsudski
De facto leader (post-May Coup) · Sanacja
1926–1935
Stanisław Wojciechowski
President · Polish People's Party "Piast"
1922–1926
Gabriel Narutowicz
President · Independent
1922–1922
Józef Piłsudski
President (Chief of State) · Independent
1918–1922
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Stanisław II August Poniatowski
King · medieval · 31y 10m 24d
1764–1795
Augustus III
King · medieval · 30y 0d
1733–1763
Augustus II the Strong
King · medieval · 36y 0d
1697–1733
John III Sobieski
King · medieval · 22y 0d
1674–1696
Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki
King · medieval · 4y 0d
1669–1673
John II Casimir Vasa
King · medieval · 20y 0d
1648–1668
Władysław IV Vasa
King · medieval · 16y 0d
1632–1648
Sigismund III Vasa
King · medieval · 45y 0d
1587–1632
Stephen Báthory
King · medieval · 10y 0d
1576–1586
Henry de Valois
King · medieval · 2y 0d
1573–1575
Kingdom of Poland
Sigismund II Augustus
King · medieval · 24y 0d
1548–1572
Sigismund I the Old
King · medieval · 42y 0d
1506–1548
Alexander Jagiellon
King · medieval · 5y 0d
1501–1506
John I Albert
King · medieval · 9y 0d
1492–1501
Casimir IV Jagiellon
King · medieval · 45y 0d
1447–1492
Władysław III
King · medieval · 10y 0d
1434–1444
Władysław II Jagiełło
King · medieval · 48y 0d
1386–1434
Jadwiga
Queen · medieval · 15y 0d
1384–1399
Louis I
King · medieval · 12y 0d
1370–1382
Casimir III the Great
King · medieval · 37y 0d
1333–1370
Władysław I the Elbow-high
King · medieval · 13y 0d
1320–1333
Bolesław III Wrymouth
Duke · medieval · 31y 0d
1107–1138
Elections
Elections since the royal free elections →
Elected kings from 1573, the communist rituals labelled, and the Third Republic's duels.
Constitution
Written 1997 →
2 amendment events since, the last in 2009. Compare it with every other country.
Spectrum →
Executive 2.5 (expert)
Legislature 5.5 mean, 1.9 spread · semi presidential
📈 Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
Today
Regional#20 · 1.0%
Power (headline share)Latent (material mass)Recognised (standing)
The power line is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
⚔️ Wars and conflicts36 interstate wars · click to expand
World War II●1939–1945
Combat deaths: 16,634,907+
Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts1918–1958
First Czechoslovak Republic (until 1938),Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938–1939),First Slovak Republic (1939–1945),Third Czechoslovak Republic (1945–1948),Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1948–1958)
Combat deaths: —
Russian Civil War●1917–1922
Russian SFSR,Other Soviet republics,Mongolian People's Party
Combat deaths: 1,029,225+
Combat deaths: —
War of the Sixth Coalition●1812–1814
Russian Empire,Kingdom of Prussia,Austrian Empire,Sweden,United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,Spain Spain,Kingdom of Portugal,Kingdom of the Two Sicilies Sicily,Kingdom of Sardinia,Kingdom of Saxony,Kingdom of Bavaria,Württemberg
Combat deaths: —
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.” Figures marked “COW battle deaths” are Correlates of War battle-death counts, which run lower than total deaths.
👥 Population over time
Population 2023
38.8m
#39 in the world
Since 1800
4.31×
from 9.0m
Peak
2023
at its largest now
Share of world
0.48%
0.92% in 1800
Our World in Data population (CC BY): UN WPP 2024 from 1950, Gapminder v7 1800-1949, HYDE 3.3 earlier; today's borders. Figures above are as of 2023, the last year that is estimated rather than forecast. The dashed tail to 2026 is a UN WPP medium-variant projection. It is drawn because the line should reach the present, and drawn differently because it has not happened yet: no rank, peak or share on this page uses it. Before 1950 the series is reconstruction rather than contemporaneous statistics, which is worth knowing when a country’s peak sits back there. The current population shown elsewhere on this page comes from the workbook and is unchanged by this. Note that people and share of world can move in opposite directions. A country can grow steadily and still become a smaller part of humanity, which is what happened to almost every rich country after 1960.
👥 To 2100
The UN’s probabilistic projection for Poland: the median with its 80% and 95% bands, the UN’s own high, low and zero-migration scenarios beside it. Not this site’s model; the site reads it and says what it implies.
Peak
2023
38.8m; already passed
2050
32.8m
95% band 29.6m to 36.0m
2100
19.3m
95% band 11.5m to 28.5m
2100 against 2025
0.51×
median falling from 2024
Deaths outnumber births
since 2018
on the UN medium path; migration decides the rest
estimateUN median80% and 95% bandshigh and low fertilityzero migration
What drives it
Births, deaths and net migration on the UN medium path, with fertility, life expectancy and median age, every decade from 1950.
1950
755k born · 303k died · -19k net migration
TFR 3.65 · life expectancy 58.3 · median age 24.8
1960
667k born · 234k died · -6k net migration
TFR 3.00 · life expectancy 67.1 · median age 25.6
1970
541k born · 273k died · -67k net migration
TFR 2.25 · life expectancy 69.6 · median age 27.3
1980
699k born · 339k died · -42k net migration
TFR 2.28 · life expectancy 70.5 · median age 28.5
1990
548k born · 394k died · -50k net migration
TFR 2.06 · life expectancy 70.6 · median age 31.4
2000
378k born · 371k died · -16k net migration
TFR 1.37 · life expectancy 73.6 · median age 34.3
2010
422k born · 379k died · +120k net migration
TFR 1.41 · life expectancy 76.3 · median age 36.9
2020
360k born · 459k died · +4k net migration
TFR 1.38 · life expectancy 76.6 · median age 40.1
Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2024. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Estimates to 2023; projections 2024 to 2100, medium variant and probabilistic intervals. The UN revises every two years; this is the WPP 2024 revision.
💰 Billionaires11 · $31.1B combined · click to expand
#738Michal Solowow
Finance & Investments · Investments
$5.7B
#789Jerzy Starak
Healthcare · Pharmaceuticals
$5.4B
#890Tomasz Biernacki
Fashion & Retail · Supermarkets
$4.8B
Media & Entertainment · TV broadcasting
$2.8B
#1939Pawel Marchewka
Technology · Videogames
$2.2B
Finance & Investments · Diversified
$2.0B
Diversified · Real estate, gambling
$1.8B
Finance & Investments · Diversified
$1.8B
#2402Mati Staniszewski
Technology · AI voice cloning
$1.8B
Technology · AI voice cloning
$1.8B
#3187Rafal Brzoska
Logistics · parcel lockers
$1.1B
Source: Forbes real-time billionaires (via the rtb-api project). Net worth as of the latest monthly snapshot.
🏆 National Teams
Poland on the international stage. Select a card for the full record.
Olympics
Poland
Games 33
Medals 343
All-time #23
Best #6
83 golds
Men's FootballUEFA
Poland
FIFA #37
Elo #52
WC apps 9
No World Cups
Volleyball
Poland
All-time #6
Oly medals 2
Worlds golds 3
Worlds medals 6
Elo rank #1
1 Olympic gold
Basketball
Poland
Elo rank #21
Oly medals 0
WC apps 2
No Olympic golds
Handball
Poland
All-time #15
Oly medals 1
Worlds medals 4
Elo rank #21
No Olympic golds
Rugby Union
Poland
Elo rank #36
No World Cups
Elo-ranked; no team page yet
National Teams Champions
Every major championship won by Poland's national teams, newest first. 4 in total.
| Year | Date | Champion | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 2018-09-30 | Poland | FIVB World Championship |
| 2014 | 2014-09-21 | Poland | FIVB World Championship |
| 1976 | 1976-07-30 | Poland | Olympic men's volleyball |
| 1974 | 1974-10-28 | Poland | FIVB World Championship |
🏟️ League Hubs
Domestic league portals that operate in Poland: 1 league.