Belgium

EuropeCapital city: BrusselsCapital metro: BrusselsMonarch: King PhilippePrime Minister: Bart De Wever

a monarch.

2026 population
11.9M
Rank #83 globally
Area
31k km² (12k sq mi)
Metros tracked
31
94% of population in metros
Composite score
114.5
Rank #22 globally

population: Official estimate (1 Apr 2026) · indicators as of 5 Sep 2026 · 31 metros tracked

🗺️ Geography31 metros

Belgium metro footprint, shaded by composite tier.

Loading map…
31 polygons

Select a metro for its rank and a link to its page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.

🏙️ 31 tracked metros
31 metros
#39Brussels★ Capital▲ Largest
Brussels · Flemish Brabant · Walloon Brabant · 2.9M · Continental Metro
52.4
Antwerp · 1.6M · Regional Hub
19.4
#268Liege
Liège · 843K · Regional Hub
10.2
#330Gent
East Flanders · 576K · Established Metro
8.1
#492Bruges
West Flanders · 287K · Established Metro
5.0
Hainaut · 402K · Emerging Metro
4.5
#715Genk
Limburg · 443K · Emerging Metro
2.9
West Flanders · 304K · Emerging Metro
2.4
Antwerp · 361K · Emerging Metro
2.1
East Flanders · 293K · Emerging Metro
1.3
#1292Maaseik
Limburg · 260K · Emerging Metro
1.1
Hainaut · 252K · Emerging Metro
1.1
🗂️ Administrative subdivisions

11 entries listed under Belgium across 2 types. Select any to see its metros and footprint.

11 total

Capital Regions (1)

📋 At a glance
Official languages
French, German, Dutch
Currency
Euro (€)
Government
Federation
Legislature
Belgian Federal Parliament
Demonym
Belgian
Time zones
UTC+01:00, UTC+02:00
Driving side
Right
Calling code
+32
Internet TLD
.be
ISO 3166
BE
Established
1830
Highest point
Signal de Botrange (694 m (2,277 ft))
National anthem
The Brabançonne

Facts via Wikidata.

🗣️ Languages of Belgium

English first; 5 languages share the country; 3 official.

LanguageShareStatus
English59%None
Dutch55%Official
French38%Official
German22%Official
Western Flemish10%None
Walloon5.8%None

Shares count first and second language, so they overlap and can add past 100%.

English reach
59%
Tier 3 country
Effective languages
1.2
Official-language gap
45%
Dutch is spoken by 55%

Belgium on the languages board · Language power

💹 Economy and developmentHigh income
Human Dev. Index
★ #9 / 191
0.951
UNDP · 2023
GDP
#22 / 193
$725.5B
World Bank · 2025
GDP per capita
#16 / 193
$60.8k
World Bank · 2025
GDP/capita (PPP)
#18 / 190
$74.7k
World Bank · 2025
GNI/capita (Atlas)
#16 / 192
$59.5k
World Bank · 2025
Life expectancy
#25 / 194
82.3 yrs
World Bank · 2024
Median age
41.4 yrs
UN WPP · 2023
Urban population
#27 / 194
88%
World Bank · 2025
Pop. growth
0.7%
World Bank · 2025
Pop. density
#20 / 193
386/km² (1,001/mi²)
World Bank · 2023
Foreign-born
#27 / 193
20.0%
World Bank · 2024
Rule of law
#18 / 175
0.96
V-Dem · 2025
Gini index
#12 / 166
26.8
World Bank · 2023
Internet users
#20 / 193
96%
World Bank · 2024
Inflation
#78 / 185
2.5%
World Bank · 2025
CO₂ per capita
#165 / 192
7.3 t
Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Renewable electricity
#85 / 186
39%
Ember · 2025

Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN WPP, V-Dem, Global Carbon Budget, Ember, Energy Institute; CC BY 4.0). Each card credits its originating body. Renewable share is of electricity generation, not of primary energy. Each figure is the most recent year available.

🔮 What happens next

Our forecasts, frozen before the result and scored after it.

LA28 Olympics · resolves 30 Jul 2028

How many gold medals does Belgium win at LA28?

3 gold medals80% range 1 gold medals to 7 gold medals

How the model worksTrack record

LA28 Olympics · resolves 30 Jul 2028

How many medals in all does Belgium win at LA28?

9 medals80% range 4 medals to 18 medals

How the model worksTrack record

Alliances & Organisations5 full memberships

Security

Political & Economic

Subregional

Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer

🏛️ Leadership History20 leaders · click to expand

is an editorial flag: associated with atrocities against civilians, systemic subversion of the constitutional order, or a criminal conviction (political persecutions and annulled convictions excluded). It is a curated list, not a measurement, so a name without one has not been cleared of anything. Hover a badge for the reason on file. marks a monarch.

Kingdom of Belgium

Bart De Wever✦ Current
Prime Minister · New Flemish Alliance
2025–Present
Alexander De Croo
Prime Minister · Liberal · 4 years
2020–2024
Sophie Wilmès
Prime Minister · Liberal · 1 year
2019–2020
Charles Michel
Prime Minister · Liberal · 5 years
2014–2019
Elio Di Rupo
Prime Minister · Socialist · 2 years
2011–2014
Yves Leterme
Prime Minister · Christian People's · 2 years
2009–2011
Herman Van Rompuy
Prime Minister · Christian People's · 1 year
2008–2009
Guy Verhofstadt
Prime Minister · Liberal · 8 years
1999–2008
Jean-Luc Dehaene
Prime Minister · Christian People's · 7 years
1992–1999
Wilfried Martens
Prime Minister · Christian People's · 13 years
1979–1992
Leo Tindemans
Prime Minister · Christian People's · 4 years
1974–1978
Gaston Eyskens
Prime Minister · Christian Social · 2 years
1958–1961
📈 Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
Today
Regional#21 · 0.9%
3%5%8%10%190019502000
Power (headline share)Latent (material mass)Recognised (standing)

The power line is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.

⚔️ Wars and conflicts5 interstate wars · click to expand
North Korea,China,Soviet Union
Combat deaths: 2,568,927–4,096,927
World War II●1939–1945
Combat deaths: 16,634,907+
World War I●1914–1918
Combat deaths: 8,578,031+
Mahdist War●1881–1899
Combat deaths: 101,470+

Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.” Figures marked “COW battle deaths” are Correlates of War battle-death counts, which run lower than total deaths.

👥 Population over time
Population 2023
11.7m
#81 in the world
Since 1800
3.60×
from 3.3m
Peak
2023
at its largest now
Share of world
0.14%
0.33% in 1800
2.9m5.9m8.8m11.8m18001850190019502000

Our World in Data population (CC BY): UN WPP 2024 from 1950, Gapminder v7 1800-1949, HYDE 3.3 earlier; today's borders. Figures above are as of 2023, the last year that is estimated rather than forecast. The dashed tail to 2026 is a UN WPP medium-variant projection. It is drawn because the line should reach the present, and drawn differently because it has not happened yet: no rank, peak or share on this page uses it. Before 1950 the series is reconstruction rather than contemporaneous statistics, which is worth knowing when a country’s peak sits back there. The current population shown elsewhere on this page comes from the workbook and is unchanged by this. Note that people and share of world can move in opposite directions. A country can grow steadily and still become a smaller part of humanity, which is what happened to almost every rich country after 1960.

👥 To 2100

The UN’s probabilistic projection for Belgium: the median with its 80% and 95% bands, the UN’s own high, low and zero-migration scenarios beside it. Not this site’s model; the site reads it and says what it implies.

Peak on the median
2044
11.9m on the UN median
2050
11.9m
95% band 10.1m to 13.8m
2100
11.1m
95% band 6.4m to 17.7m
2100 against 2025
0.94×
median falling from 2045
Deaths outnumber births
since 2022
on the UN medium path; migration decides the rest
4.6m9.3m13.9m18.6m1950197520002025205020752100
estimateUN median80% and 95% bandshigh and low fertilityzero migration

What drives it

Births, deaths and net migration on the UN medium path, with fertility, life expectancy and median age, every decade from 1950.

1950
144k born · 108k died · +5k net migration
TFR 2.35 · life expectancy 66.3 · median age 34.6
1960
154k born · 114k died · +10k net migration
TFR 2.53 · life expectancy 69.6 · median age 33.9
1970
142k born · 119k died · +19k net migration
TFR 2.25 · life expectancy 70.9 · median age 33.5
1980
123k born · 114k died · +11k net migration
TFR 1.69 · life expectancy 73.2 · median age 33.1
1990
124k born · 104k died · +8k net migration
TFR 1.63 · life expectancy 76.1 · median age 35.3
2000
116k born · 105k died · +14k net migration
TFR 1.66 · life expectancy 77.8 · median age 37.9
2010
129k born · 105k died · +105k net migration
TFR 1.85 · life expectancy 80.0 · median age 39.8
2020
116k born · 127k died · +44k net migration
TFR 1.57 · life expectancy 80.8 · median age 40.8

Every country to 2100 →

Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2024. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Estimates to 2023; projections 2024 to 2100, medium variant and probabilistic intervals. The UN revises every two years; this is the WPP 2024 revision.

💰 Billionaires18 · $53.9B combined · click to expand
#414Eric Wittouck(inherited)
Finance & Investments · Investments
$9.0B
#815Nicolas D'Ieteren(inherited)
Automotive · Auto parts, distribution
$5.2B
Logistics · Logistics, transportation
$5.1B
Technology · Software
$4.5B
#978Alexandre Van Damme(inherited)
Food & Beverage · ABInBev
$4.4B
Automotive · Auto parts, distribution
$3.5B
#1303Segolene Gallienne(inherited)
Manufacturing · Steel, Investments
$3.3B
#1308Theo Roussis(inherited)
Manufacturing · Plastic
$3.3B
#1456Gerald Frere(inherited)
Manufacturing · Steel, investments
$2.9B
Finance & Investments · Investing
$2.5B
#2481Pacal Vanhalst & family(inherited)
Finance & Investments · Industrial and agricultural equipment parts
$1.7B
Technology · Semiconductors
$1.6B

Source: Forbes real-time billionaires (via the rtb-api project). Net worth as of the latest monthly snapshot.

🏆 National Teams

Belgium on the international stage. Select a card for the full record.