Iraq
population: 2024 census (21 Nov 2024) · indicators as of 5 Sep 2026 · 10 metros tracked
🗺️ Geography10 metros
Iraq metro footprint, shaded by composite tier.
Select a metro for its rank and a link to its page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
🏙️ 10 tracked metros
🗂️ Administrative subdivisions
19 entries listed under Iraq across 2 types. Select any to see its metros and footprint.
Provinces (18)
Counties (1)
📋 At a glance
- Official languages
- Arabic, Kurdish
- Currency
- Iraqi dinar (IQD)
- Government
- Federal republic
- Legislature
- Council of Representatives of Iraq
- Constitution
- 2005, 0 amendment events since
- Demonym
- Iraqi
- Time zone
- UTC+03:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +964
- Internet TLD
- .iq
- ISO 3166
- IQ
- Established
- 1932
- Highest point
- Cheekha Dar (3,611 m (11,847 ft))
- National anthem
- Mawtini
Facts via Wikidata.
🗣️ Languages of Iraq
Standard Arabic first; 4 languages share the country; 1 official.
| Language | Share | Status | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard Arabic | 68% | Official | CLDR, country |
| English | 35% | None | CLDR, country |
| Central Kurdish | 12% | Regional | CLDR, country |
| Kurdish | 10% | None | CLDR, country |
| North Azerbaijani | 1.8% | Regional | CLDR, country |
| Western Farsi | 0.9% | None | CLDR, country |
Shares count first and second language, so they overlap and can add past 100%.
- English reach
- 35%
- Tier 3 country
- Effective languages
- 1.6
- Official-language gap
- 32%
- Standard Arabic is spoken by 68%
📰 In the news4 stories
Associated Press · 1 Oct 2026
After two decades, U.S. forces formally withdraw from IraqThe last American troops left Iraq 23 years after the 2003 invasion, at the end of a phased drawdown negotiated under the Biden administration.
Military Times · 1 Oct 2026
US forces exiting Iraq after 2 decades, leaving opening for IranAnalysts warn the final withdrawal could embolden Iran-linked armed groups inside Iraq.
The Conversation · 1 Oct 2026
America's final military withdrawal from Iraq is a major bonus for IranThe analysis argues Tehran is the principal beneficiary of the American exit after two decades of building influence in Iraq.
Men in Blazers · 28 Jun 2026
World Cup Matchday 15 recapSenegal's 5-0 rout of Iraq is the biggest win by an African team in World Cup history, while Dembele scored the second-fastest hat-trick ever for France against Norway.
💹 Economy and developmentUpper middle income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN WPP, V-Dem, Global Carbon Budget, Ember, Energy Institute; CC BY 4.0). Each card credits its originating body. Renewable share is of electricity generation, not of primary energy. Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations4 full memberships
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
🏛️ Leadership History21 leaders · click to expand
is an editorial flag: associated with atrocities against civilians, systemic subversion of the constitutional order, or a criminal conviction (political persecutions and annulled convictions excluded). It is a curated list, not a measurement, so a name without one has not been cleared of anything. Hover a badge for the reason on file. marks a monarch.
Post-2003 Republic
Republic (1958–2003)
Kingdom of Iraq (Hashemite)
Elections
Elections since the monarchy →
The palace-managed chambers, Saddam's rituals stated plainly, and seven competitive elections since 2005.
Constitution
Written 2005 →
0 amendment events since, the last in 2005. Compare it with every other country.
Spectrum →
Executive 3.0 (expert)
Legislature 4.5 mean, 1.2 spread · presidential
📈 Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The power line is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
⚔️ Wars and conflicts12 interstate wars · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| War in Iraq (2013–2017)● | 2013–2017 | Islamic State | — |
| Syrian civil war● | 2011–2024 | Ba'athist Syria,Hezbollah,Iran,Russia (2015–present) | — |
| Iraqi civil war (2006–2008) | 2006–2008 | Mahdi Army (until 2008),Special Groups | — |
| Iraq War● | 2003–2011 | Ba'athist Iraq,Insurgent groups | 42,190+ |
| Iraqi Kurdish Civil War | 1994–1997 | Yemen,Islamic Jihad in Yemen | 2,500+ |
| Persian Gulf War● | 1990–1991 | Kuwait,United States,United Kingdom,Saudi Arabia,France,Italy,Canada,Australia,Egypt,Syria,Qatar | 29,231–59,231 |
| Iran–Iraq War● | 1980–1988 | Iran | 405,000–1,200,000 |
| 1974–75 Shatt al-Arab conflict | 1974–1975 | Iran | 1,000+ |
| Yom Kippur War● | 1973 | Israel | 10,521–21,300 |
| Six-Day War● | 1967 | Israel | 12,336–19,264 |
| 1948 Arab–Israeli War● | 1948–1949 | Israel | 13,073–26,373 |
| Anglo-Iraqi War | 1941 | United Kingdom,British India,Jordan Transjordan | — |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.” Figures marked “COW battle deaths” are Correlates of War battle-death counts, which run lower than total deaths.
👥 Population over time
Our World in Data population (CC BY): UN WPP 2024 from 1950, Gapminder v7 1800-1949, HYDE 3.3 earlier; today's borders. Figures above are as of 2023, the last year that is estimated rather than forecast. The dashed tail to 2026 is a UN WPP medium-variant projection. It is drawn because the line should reach the present, and drawn differently because it has not happened yet: no rank, peak or share on this page uses it. Before 1950 the series is reconstruction rather than contemporaneous statistics, which is worth knowing when a country’s peak sits back there. The current population shown elsewhere on this page comes from the workbook and is unchanged by this. Note that people and share of world can move in opposite directions. A country can grow steadily and still become a smaller part of humanity, which is what happened to almost every rich country after 1960.
👥 To 2100
The UN’s probabilistic projection for Iraq: the median with its 80% and 95% bands, the UN’s own high, low and zero-migration scenarios beside it. Not this site’s model; the site reads it and says what it implies.
What drives it
Births, deaths and net migration on the UN medium path, with fertility, life expectancy and median age, every decade from 1950.
Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2024. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Estimates to 2023; projections 2024 to 2100, medium variant and probabilistic intervals. The UN revises every two years; this is the WPP 2024 revision.
🏆 National Teams
Iraq on the international stage. Select a card for the full record.
National Teams Champions
Every major championship won by Iraq's national teams, newest first. 1 in total.
| Year | Date | Champion | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 2007-07-29 | Iraq | AFC Asian Cup |