Estonia
At a glance
- Official language
- Estonian
- Currency
- Euro (€)
- Government
- Parliamentary republic
- Legislature
- Riigikogu
- Demonym
- Estonian
- Time zone
- UTC+02:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +372
- Internet TLD
- .ee
- ISO 3166
- EE
- Established
- 1918
- Highest point
- Suur Munamägi (317 m (1,040 ft))
- National anthem
- Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentHigh income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations4 full memberships
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History27 leaders · click to expand
Other
Kristen Michal✦ Current
2024–PresentPrime Minister
Alar Karis✦ Current
2021–PresentPresident
Kaja Kallas
2021–2024Prime Minister
Jüri Ratas
2016–2021President
Jüri Ratas
2016–2021Prime Minister
Kersti Kaljulaid
2016–2016President
Taavi Rõivas
2014–2016Prime Minister
Toomas Hendrik Ilves
2006–2016President
Andrus Ansip
2005–2014Prime Minister
Juhan Parts
2003–2005Prime Minister
Siim Kallas
2002–2003Prime Minister
Arnold Rüütel
2001–2006President
Mart Laar
1999–2002Prime Minister
Mart Laar
1992–1994Prime Minister
Lennart Meri
1992–2001President
Konstantin Päts
1938–1940President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Kristen Michal✦ Current | Prime Minister | 2024–Present |
| Alar Karis✦ Current | President | 2021–Present |
| Kaja Kallas | Prime Minister | 2021–2024 |
| Jüri Ratas | President | 2016–2021 |
| Jüri Ratas | Prime Minister | 2016–2021 |
| Kersti Kaljulaid | President | 2016–2016 |
| Taavi Rõivas | Prime Minister | 2014–2016 |
| Toomas Hendrik Ilves | President | 2006–2016 |
| Andrus Ansip | Prime Minister | 2005–2014 |
| Juhan Parts | Prime Minister | 2003–2005 |
| Siim Kallas | Prime Minister | 2002–2003 |
| Arnold Rüütel | President | 2001–2006 |
| Mart Laar | Prime Minister | 1999–2002 |
| Mart Laar | Prime Minister | 1992–1994 |
| Lennart Meri | President | 1992–2001 |
| Konstantin Päts | President | 1938–1940 |
First Republic
Konstantin Päts
1934–1938State Elder
Konstantin Päts
1933–1934State Elder
Konstantin Päts
1932–1933State Elder
Konstantin Päts
1931–1932State Elder
Jaan Tõnisson
1927–1928State Elder
Jaan Teemant
1925–1927State Elder
Konstantin Päts
1923–1924State Elder
Konstantin Päts
1921–1922State Elder
Jaan Tõnisson
1919–1920State Elder
Konstantin Päts
1918–1919Prime Minister
Konstantin Päts
1918–1918Chairman (Provisional Government)
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Konstantin Päts | State Elder | 1934–1938 |
| Konstantin Päts | State Elder | 1933–1934 |
| Konstantin Päts | State Elder | 1932–1933 |
| Konstantin Päts | State Elder | 1931–1932 |
| Jaan Tõnisson | State Elder | 1927–1928 |
| Jaan Teemant | State Elder | 1925–1927 |
| Konstantin Päts | State Elder | 1923–1924 |
| Konstantin Päts | State Elder | 1921–1922 |
| Jaan Tõnisson | State Elder | 1919–1920 |
| Konstantin Päts | Prime Minister | 1918–1919 |
| Konstantin Päts | Chairman (Provisional Government) | 1918–1918 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
National Teams
Estonia on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
Estonia metro footprint
10 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
10 tracked metros
| Rank | Metro | State | Population | Score | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #500 | Talinn★ Capital▲ Largest | Harju | 592K | 4.7 | Emerging Metro |
| #1820 | Tartu | Tartu | 110K | 0.5 | Local Metro |
| #1865 | Parnu | Pärnu | 51K | 0.5 | Local Metro |
| #2634 | Narva | Ida-Viru | 58K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2739 | Kuressaare | Saare | 30K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2807 | Paide | Järva | 10K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #4112 | Kohtla-Järve | Ida-Viru | 33K | 0.0 | Local Metro |
| #4134 | Viljandi | Viljandi | 31K | 0.0 | Local Metro |
| #4268 | Sillamae | Ida-Viru | 12K | 0.0 | Local Metro |
| #4274 | Jõhvi | Ida-Viru | 12K | 0.0 | Local Metro |