Vietnam
At a glance
- Official language
- Vietnamese
- Currency
- Vietnamese đồng (₫)
- Government
- Unitary state
- Legislature
- National Assembly of Vietnam
- Demonym
- Vietnamese
- Time zone
- UTC+07:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +84
- Internet TLD
- .vn
- ISO 3166
- VN
- Established
- 1804
- Highest point
- Fansipan (3,147 m (10,325 ft))
- National anthem
- Tiến Quân Ca
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentUpper middle income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations3 full memberships
Political & Economic
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History65 leaders · click to expand
Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Le Minh Hung✦ Current
2026–PresentPrime Minister
To Lam✦ Current
2026–PresentPresident
Luong Cuong
2024–2026President
To Lam✦ Current
2024–PresentGeneral Secretary
To Lam
2024–2024President
Vo Van Thuong
2023–2024President
Pham Minh Chinh
2021–2026Prime Minister
Nguyen Xuan Phuc
2021–2023President
Nguyen Phu Trong
2018–2021President
Nguyen Xuan Phuc
2016–2021Prime Minister
Tran Dai Quang
2016–2018President
Truong Tan Sang
2011–2016President
Nguyen Phu Trong
2011–2024General Secretary
Nguyen Tan Dung
2006–2016Prime Minister
Nguyen Minh Triet
2006–2011President
Nong Duc Manh
2001–2011General Secretary
Le Kha Phieu
1997–2001General Secretary
Phan Van Khai
1997–2006Prime Minister
Tran Duc Luong
1997–2006President
Le Duc Anh
1992–1997President
Vo Van Kiet
1991–1997Prime Minister
Do Muoi
1991–1997General Secretary
Do Muoi
1988–1991Prime Minister
Pham Hung
1987–1988Prime Minister
Vo Chi Cong
1987–1992President
Nguyen Van Linh
1986–1991General Secretary
Truong Chinh
1986–1986General Secretary
Truong Chinh
1981–1987President
Ton Duc Thang
1969–1980President
Pham Van Dong
1955–1987Prime Minister
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Le Minh Hung✦ Current | Prime Minister | 2026–Present |
| To Lam✦ Current | President | 2026–Present |
| Luong Cuong | President | 2024–2026 |
| To Lam✦ Current | General Secretary | 2024–Present |
| To Lam | President | 2024–2024 |
| Vo Van Thuong | President | 2023–2024 |
| Pham Minh Chinh | Prime Minister | 2021–2026 |
| Nguyen Xuan Phuc | President | 2021–2023 |
| Nguyen Phu Trong | President | 2018–2021 |
| Nguyen Xuan Phuc | Prime Minister | 2016–2021 |
| Tran Dai Quang | President | 2016–2018 |
| Truong Tan Sang | President | 2011–2016 |
| Nguyen Phu Trong | General Secretary | 2011–2024 |
| Nguyen Tan Dung | Prime Minister | 2006–2016 |
| Nguyen Minh Triet | President | 2006–2011 |
| Nong Duc Manh | General Secretary | 2001–2011 |
| Le Kha Phieu | General Secretary | 1997–2001 |
| Phan Van Khai | Prime Minister | 1997–2006 |
| Tran Duc Luong | President | 1997–2006 |
| Le Duc Anh | President | 1992–1997 |
| Vo Van Kiet | Prime Minister | 1991–1997 |
| Do Muoi | General Secretary | 1991–1997 |
| Do Muoi | Prime Minister | 1988–1991 |
| Pham Hung | Prime Minister | 1987–1988 |
| Vo Chi Cong | President | 1987–1992 |
| Nguyen Van Linh | General Secretary | 1986–1991 |
| Truong Chinh | General Secretary | 1986–1986 |
| Truong Chinh | President | 1981–1987 |
| Ton Duc Thang | President | 1969–1980 |
| Pham Van Dong | Prime Minister | 1955–1987 |
Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North)
Le Duan
1960–1986General Secretary
Ho Chi Minh
1956–1960General Secretary
Ho Chi Minh
1945–1969President
Truong Chinh
1941–1956General Secretary
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Le Duan | General Secretary | 1960–1986 |
| Ho Chi Minh | General Secretary | 1956–1960 |
| Ho Chi Minh | President | 1945–1969 |
| Truong Chinh | General Secretary | 1941–1956 |
Nguyễn dynasty
👑 Bảo Đại
1926–1945Emperor
👑 Khải Định
1916–1925Emperor
👑 Duy Tân
1907–1916Emperor
👑 Thành Thái
1889–1907Emperor
👑 Đồng Khánh
1885–1889Emperor
👑 Hàm Nghi
1884–1885Emperor
👑 Kiến Phúc
1883–1884Emperor
👑 Hiệp Hòa
1883–1883Emperor
👑 Dục Đức
1883–1883Emperor
👑 Tự Đức
1847–1883Emperor
👑 Thiệu Trị
1841–1847Emperor
👑 Minh Mạng
1820–1841Emperor
👑 Gia Long
1802–1820Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Bảo Đại | Emperor | 1926–1945 |
| 👑 Khải Định | Emperor | 1916–1925 |
| 👑 Duy Tân | Emperor | 1907–1916 |
| 👑 Thành Thái | Emperor | 1889–1907 |
| 👑 Đồng Khánh | Emperor | 1885–1889 |
| 👑 Hàm Nghi | Emperor | 1884–1885 |
| 👑 Kiến Phúc | Emperor | 1883–1884 |
| 👑 Hiệp Hòa | Emperor | 1883–1883 |
| 👑 Dục Đức | Emperor | 1883–1883 |
| 👑 Tự Đức | Emperor | 1847–1883 |
| 👑 Thiệu Trị | Emperor | 1841–1847 |
| 👑 Minh Mạng | Emperor | 1820–1841 |
| 👑 Gia Long | Emperor | 1802–1820 |
Tây Sơn dynasty
👑 Quang Trung
1788–1792Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Quang Trung | Emperor | 1788–1792 |
Later Lê dynasty
👑 Lê Chiêu Thống
1786–1789Emperor
👑 Lê Hiển Tông
1740–1786Emperor
👑 Lê Thần Tông
1619–1643Emperor
👑 Lê Trang Tông
1533–1548Emperor
👑 Lê Thánh Tông
1460–1497Emperor
👑 Lê Thái Tổ
1428–1433Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Lê Chiêu Thống | Emperor | 1786–1789 |
| 👑 Lê Hiển Tông | Emperor | 1740–1786 |
| 👑 Lê Thần Tông | Emperor | 1619–1643 |
| 👑 Lê Trang Tông | Emperor | 1533–1548 |
| 👑 Lê Thánh Tông | Emperor | 1460–1497 |
| 👑 Lê Thái Tổ | Emperor | 1428–1433 |
Mạc dynasty
👑 Mạc Đăng Dung
1527–1529Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Mạc Đăng Dung | Emperor | 1527–1529 |
Hồ dynasty
👑 Hồ Hán Thương
1401–1407Emperor
👑 Hồ Quý Ly
1400–1401Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Hồ Hán Thương | Emperor | 1401–1407 |
| 👑 Hồ Quý Ly | Emperor | 1400–1401 |
Trần dynasty
👑 Trần Nhân Tông
1278–1293Emperor
👑 Trần Thái Tông
1226–1258Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Trần Nhân Tông | Emperor | 1278–1293 |
| 👑 Trần Thái Tông | Emperor | 1226–1258 |
Lý dynasty
👑 Lý Nhân Tông
1072–1128Emperor
👑 Lý Thánh Tông
1054–1072Emperor
👑 Lý Thái Tổ
1009–1028Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Lý Nhân Tông | Emperor | 1072–1128 |
| 👑 Lý Thánh Tông | Emperor | 1054–1072 |
| 👑 Lý Thái Tổ | Emperor | 1009–1028 |
Early Lê dynasty
👑 Lê Hoàn
980–1005Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Lê Hoàn | Emperor | 980–1005 |
Đinh dynasty
👑 Đinh Bộ Lĩnh
968–979Emperor
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Đinh Bộ Lĩnh | Emperor | 968–979 |
Ngô dynasty
👑 Ngô Quyền
939–944King
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Ngô Quyền | King | 939–944 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Conflicts since 19454 interstate wars · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sino-Vietnamese conflicts (1979–1991) | 1979–1991 | China | 6,000+ |
| Sino-Vietnamese War● | 1979 | China | 36,945–175,000 |
| Cambodian–Vietnamese War● | 1978–1989 | Democratic Kampuchea,Thailand | 270,000–297,000 |
| Vietnam War● | 1965–1973 | South Vietnam,United States,South Korea,Thailand,Australia,New Zealand,Laos,Khmer Republic,Philippines | 1,326,494–3,447,494 |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”
Billionaires7 · $52.0B combined · click to expand
| # | Name | Net worth | Industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62 | Pham Nhat Vuong | $35.1B | Diversified |
| 1024 | Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao | $4.2B | Diversified |
| 1126 | Pham Thu Huong(inherited) | $3.8B | Diversified |
| 1537 | Tran Dinh Long | $2.7B | Manufacturing |
| 1553 | Pham Thuy Hang(inherited) | $2.7B | Diversified |
| 1814 | Ho Hung Anh | $2.3B | Finance & Investments |
| 3120 | Ngo Chi Dung(inherited) | $1.2B | Finance & Investments |
Source: Forbes real-time billionaires (via the rtb-api project). Net worth as of the latest monthly snapshot.
National Teams
Vietnam on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
Administrative subdivisions
63 entries listed under Vietnam across 2 types. Click any to see its metros and footprint.
Provinces (58)
Vietnam metro footprint
19 of 20 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
20 tracked metros
| Rank | Metro | State | Population | Score | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #129 | Ho Chi Minh City▲ Largest | Ho Chi Minh City | 12.1M | 23.1 | Major Metro |
| #140 | Hanoi★ Capital | Hanoi | 9.2M | 20.7 | Major Metro |
| #330 | Da Nang | Đà Nẵng | 1.1M | 7.8 | Established Metro |
| #843 | Nha Trang | Khánh Hòa | 423K | 2.1 | Emerging Metro |
| #845 | Phu Quoc | Kiên Giang | 146K | 2.1 | Emerging Metro |
| #928 | Haiphong | Hải Phòng | 2.0M | 1.8 | Emerging Metro |
| #1213 | Huế | Thừa Thiên-Huế | 837K | 1.2 | Emerging Metro |
| #1321 | Vũng Tàu | Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu | 1.1M | 1.0 | Emerging Metro |
| #1626 | Can Tho | Cần Thơ | 1.2M | 0.7 | Local Metro |
| #1906 | Vinh | Nghệ An | 737K | 0.5 | Local Metro |
| #1913 | Thanh Hoa | Thanh Hóa | 702K | 0.5 | Local Metro |
| #1996 | Pleiku | Gia Lai | 484K | 0.4 | Local Metro |
| #2000 | Ha Tinh | Hà Tĩnh | 473K | 0.4 | Local Metro |
| #2152 | Tam Kỳ | Quảng Nam | 270K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2404 | Ninh Binh | Ninh Bình | 128K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2919 | Quy Nhon | Bình Định | 646K | 0.2 | Local Metro |
| #3010 | Tân An | Long An | 420K | 0.1 | Local Metro |
| #3034 | Buôn Ma Thuột | Đắk Lắk | 376K | 0.1 | Local Metro |
| #3125 | Hạ Long | Quảng Ninh | 270K | 0.1 | Local Metro |
| #3358 | Hưng Yên | Hưng Yên | 116K | 0.0 | Local Metro |