Rwanda
At a glance
- Official languages
- French, English, Swahili, Kinyarwanda
- Currency
- Rwandan franc (RWF)
- Government
- Semi-presidential system
- Legislature
- Parliament of Rwanda
- Demonym
- Rwandan
- Time zone
- UTC+02:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +250
- Internet TLD
- .rw
- ISO 3166
- RW
- Established
- 1962
- Highest point
- Mount Karisimbi (4,507 m (14,787 ft))
- National anthem
- Rwanda Nziza
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentLow income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations3 full memberships
Political & Economic
Regional
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History18 leaders · click to expand
Justin Nsengiyumva
2025–—Prime Minister
Édouard Ngirente
2017–2025Prime Minister
Anastase Murekezi
2014–2017Prime Minister
Pierre Habumuremyi
2011–2014Prime Minister
Paul Kagame✦ Current
2000–PresentPresident
Bernard Makuza
2000–2011Prime Minister
Pierre-Célestin Rwigema
1995–2000Prime Minister
Faustin Twagiramungu
1994–1995Prime Minister
Pasteur Bizimungu
1994–2000President
Jean Kambanda
1994–1994Prime Minister
Théodore Sindikubwabo
1994–1994President
Agathe Uwilingiyimana
1993–1994Prime Minister
Dismas Nsengiyaremye
1992–1993Prime Minister
Sylvestre Nsanzimana
1991–1992Prime Minister
Juvénal Habyarimana
1973–1994President
Grégoire Kayibanda
1961–1973President
Grégoire Kayibanda
1961–1962Prime Minister
Dominique Mbonyumutwa
1961–1961President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Justin Nsengiyumva | Prime Minister | 2025–— |
| Édouard Ngirente | Prime Minister | 2017–2025 |
| Anastase Murekezi | Prime Minister | 2014–2017 |
| Pierre Habumuremyi | Prime Minister | 2011–2014 |
| Paul Kagame✦ Current | President | 2000–Present |
| Bernard Makuza | Prime Minister | 2000–2011 |
| Pierre-Célestin Rwigema | Prime Minister | 1995–2000 |
| Faustin Twagiramungu | Prime Minister | 1994–1995 |
| Pasteur Bizimungu | President | 1994–2000 |
| Jean Kambanda | Prime Minister | 1994–1994 |
| Théodore Sindikubwabo | President | 1994–1994 |
| Agathe Uwilingiyimana | Prime Minister | 1993–1994 |
| Dismas Nsengiyaremye | Prime Minister | 1992–1993 |
| Sylvestre Nsanzimana | Prime Minister | 1991–1992 |
| Juvénal Habyarimana | President | 1973–1994 |
| Grégoire Kayibanda | President | 1961–1973 |
| Grégoire Kayibanda | Prime Minister | 1961–1962 |
| Dominique Mbonyumutwa | President | 1961–1961 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Conflicts since 19453 interstate wars · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda conflict (2022–present) | 2022–2025 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 7,000+ |
| African Six-Day War | 2000 | Uganda | 4,051+ |
| First Congo War● | 1996–1997 | Zaire,Sudan,Chad,FAR,ALiR,Interahamwe,CNDD-FDD,UNITA,ADF,FLNC | 235,000–250,000 |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”
National Teams
Rwanda on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
Rwanda metro footprint
3 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
3 tracked metros
| Rank | Metro | State | Population | Score | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #424 | Kigali★ Capital▲ Largest | Kigali | 1.7M | 5.7 | Established Metro |
| #2942 | Gisenyi | Western | 547K | 0.2 | Local Metro |
| #2969 | Ruhengeri | Northern | 477K | 0.2 | Local Metro |