Chad
At a glance
- Official languages
- French, Arabic
- Currency
- Central African CFA franc (XAF)
- Legislature
- National Assembly
- Demonym
- Chadian
- Time zone
- UTC+01:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +235
- Internet TLD
- .td
- ISO 3166
- TD
- Established
- 1960
- Highest point
- Emi Koussi (3,445 m (11,302 ft))
- National anthem
- La Tchadienne
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentLow income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations2 full memberships
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History11 leaders · click to expand
Mahamat Déby✦ Current
2024–PresentPresident
Mahamat Déby
2021–2024Chairman
Idriss Déby
1991–2021President
Idriss Déby
1990–1991Head of State
Hissène Habré
1982–1990President
Goukouni Oueddei
1979–1982President
Lol Mahamat Choua
1979–1979President
Goukouni Oueddei
1979–1979President
Félix Malloum
1975–1979President
Noël Milarew Odingar
1975–1975Head of State
François Tombalbaye
1960–1975President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Mahamat Déby✦ Current | President | 2024–Present |
| Mahamat Déby | Chairman | 2021–2024 |
| Idriss Déby | President | 1991–2021 |
| Idriss Déby | Head of State | 1990–1991 |
| Hissène Habré | President | 1982–1990 |
| Goukouni Oueddei | President | 1979–1982 |
| Lol Mahamat Choua | President | 1979–1979 |
| Goukouni Oueddei | President | 1979–1979 |
| Félix Malloum | President | 1975–1979 |
| Noël Milarew Odingar | Head of State | 1975–1975 |
| François Tombalbaye | President | 1960–1975 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Conflicts since 19453 interstate wars · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Congo War● | 1996–1997 | AFDL,Rwanda,Uganda,Burundi,Angola,SPLA,Eritrea | 235,000–250,000 |
| Chadian–Nigerian War | 1983 | Nigeria | 100+ |
| Chadian–Libyan War | 1978–1987 | Libya | 8,500+ |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”
National Teams
Chad on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
Administrative subdivisions
23 entries listed under Chad across 2 types. Click any to see its metros and footprint.
Regions (22)
Capital Districts (1)
Chad metro footprint
1 metroPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
1 tracked metro
| Rank | Metro | State | Population | Score | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1537 | N'Djamena★ Capital▲ Largest | Chad | 1.5M | 0.8 | Local Metro |