Azerbaijan

EuropeCapital city: BakuCapital metro: BakuPresident: Ilham AliyevPrime Minister: Ali Asadov
2026 population
10.3M
Rank #93 globally
Area
87k km² (33k sq mi)
Metros tracked
14
56% of population in metros
Composite score
22.6
Rank #65 globally

population: Monthly national estimate (1 Mar 2026) · indicators as of 2026-09-05 · 14 metros tracked

🗺️ Geography14 metros

Azerbaijan metro footprint, shaded by composite tier.

Loading map…
14 polygons

Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.

🏙️ 14 tracked metros
14 metros
🗂️ Economic Regions

15 entries listed under Azerbaijan. Click any to see its metros and footprint.

15 total
📋 At a glance
Official languages
Azerbaijani, Azerbaijani Sign Language
Government
Unitary state
Legislature
National Assembly of Azerbaijan
Demonym
Azerbaijani
Time zone
UTC+04:00
Driving side
Right
Calling code
+994
Internet TLD
.az
ISO 3166
AZ
Established
1991
Highest point
Mount Bazardüzü (4,466 m (14,652 ft))
National anthem
Azərbaycan marşı

Facts via Wikidata.

💹 Economy and developmentUpper middle income
Human Dev. Index
#81 / 191
0.789
UNDP · 2023
GDP
#86 / 193
$75.9B
World Bank · 2025
GDP per capita
#97 / 193
$7.4k
World Bank · 2025
GDP/capita (PPP)
#76 / 190
$26.1k
World Bank · 2025
GNI/capita (Atlas)
#97 / 192
$7.4k
World Bank · 2025
Life expectancy
#92 / 194
74.6 yrs
World Bank · 2024
Median age
32.6 yrs
UN WPP · 2023
Urban population
#115 / 194
59%
World Bank · 2025
Pop. growth
0.4%
World Bank · 2025
Pop. density
#72 / 193
123/km²
World Bank · 2023
Foreign-born
#130 / 193
2.1%
World Bank · 2024
Rule of law
#168 / 175
0.05
V-Dem · 2025
Internet users
#52 / 193
91%
World Bank · 2025
Inflation
#143 / 185
5.6%
World Bank · 2025
CO₂ per capita
#122 / 192
3.9 t
Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Renewable electricity
#143 / 186
12%
Ember · 2025

Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN WPP, V-Dem, Global Carbon Budget, Ember, Energy Institute; CC BY 4.0). Each card credits its originating body. Renewable share is of electricity generation, not of primary energy. Each figure is the most recent year available.

Alliances & Organisations4 full memberships

Political & Economic

Subregional

Energy

Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer

🏛️ Leadership History6 leaders · click to expand

marks a leader associated with atrocities or defiance of law, systemic subversion of democratic institutions, or a criminal conviction. Convictions arising from political persecution, and annulled convictions, are excluded. denotes a monarch. These are editorial designations, applied per entry rather than derived automatically.

Aliyev dynasty

Ali Asadov✦ Current

2019Present

Prime Minister

Tenure: 2019–presentNew Azerbaijan Party

Ilham Aliyev✦ Current

2003Present

President

Tenure: 2003–presentNew Azerbaijan Party

Heydar Aliyev

19932003

President

Tenure: 1993–2003New Azerbaijan Party

Post-Soviet independence

Abulfaz Elchibey

19921993

President

Tenure: 1992–1993Popular Front of Azerbaijan

Yagub Mammadov

19921992

President (acting)

Tenure: 1992Independent

Ayaz Mutallibov

19911992

President

Tenure: 1991–1992Independent (ex-Communist)
📈 Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
Today
Minor#61 · 0.2%
3%5%8%10%2000
Power (headline share)Latent (material mass)Recognised (standing)
Azerbaijan · share of world power, 1991–2026

The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.

⚔️ Conflicts since 19454 interstate wars · click to expand
Armenia,Artsakh
Combat deaths: 7,726+
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic,Armenia
Combat deaths: 37,413–56,000
First Republic of Armenia,Republic of Artsakh Republic of Mountainous Armenia,Republic of Artsakh Nagorno-Karabakh rebels,British Empire (1918 only),Centrocaspian Dictatorship (1918 only)
Combat deaths:

Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”

👥 Population over time
Population 2023
10.3m
#94 in the world
Since 1800
12×
from 880k
Peak
2023
at its largest now
Share of world
0.13%
0.09% in 1800
2.6m5.2m7.8m10.5m18001850190019502000
Azerbaijan · people, 1800–2023 · dashed to 2026 is projected

Our World in Data population (CC BY): UN WPP 2024 from 1950, Gapminder v7 1800-1949, HYDE 3.3 earlier; today's borders. Figures above are as of 2023, the last year that is estimated rather than forecast. The dashed tail to 2026 is a UN WPP medium-variant projection. It is drawn because the line should reach the present, and drawn differently because it has not happened yet: no rank, peak or share on this page uses it. Before 1950 the series is reconstruction rather than contemporaneous statistics, which is worth knowing when a country’s peak sits back there. The current population shown elsewhere on this page comes from the workbook and is unchanged by this. Note that people and share of world can move in opposite directions. A country can grow steadily and still become a smaller part of humanity, which is what happened to almost every rich country after 1960.

👥 To 2100

The UN’s probabilistic projection for Azerbaijan: the median with its 80% and 95% bands, the UN’s own high, low and zero-migration scenarios beside it. Not this site’s model; the site reads it and says what it implies.

Peak on the median
2050
11.2m on the UN median
2050
11.2m
95% band 9.2m to 12.5m
2100
10.0m
95% band 5.5m to 15.1m
2100 against 2025
0.96×
median falling from 2051
Deaths outnumber births
from 2049
on the UN medium path; migration decides the rest
4.0m7.9m11.9m15.9m1950197520002025205020752100

Tap or drag across the chart to read any year: the estimate to 2023, then the UN median, its bands and the scenarios.

estimateUN median80% and 95% bandshigh and low fertilityzero migration

What drives it

Births, deaths and net migration on the UN medium path, with fertility, life expectancy and median age, every decade from 1950.

1950
118k born · 64k died · -33 net migration
TFR 5.08 · life expectancy 46.3 · median age 20.2
1960
195k born · 72k died · -148 net migration
TFR 5.88 · life expectancy 50.9 · median age 20.6
1970
164k born · 59k died · -4k net migration
TFR 4.90 · life expectancy 56.6 · median age 16.4
1980
182k born · 56k died · -28k net migration
TFR 3.59 · life expectancy 61.4 · median age 19.7
1990
208k born · 65k died · -63k net migration
TFR 2.98 · life expectancy 62.8 · median age 22.6
2000
124k born · 61k died · +16k net migration
TFR 1.70 · life expectancy 65.4 · median age 24.8
2010
169k born · 64k died · +1k net migration
TFR 1.92 · life expectancy 70.3 · median age 28.2
2020
143k born · 88k died · +1k net migration
TFR 1.76 · life expectancy 70.3 · median age 31.1
Show all 16 decades
2030
123k born · 79k died · +6k net migration
TFR 1.65 · life expectancy 75.5 · median age 35.9
2040
127k born · 104k died · +6k net migration
TFR 1.64 · life expectancy 77.0 · median age 38.0
2050
116k born · 120k died · +5k net migration
TFR 1.63 · life expectancy 78.6 · median age 39.7
2060
106k born · 128k died · +5k net migration
TFR 1.64 · life expectancy 80.1 · median age 42.7
2070
107k born · 137k died · +4k net migration
TFR 1.64 · life expectancy 81.6 · median age 43.8
2080
100k born · 137k died · +4k net migration
TFR 1.63 · life expectancy 83.0 · median age 44.1
2090
94k born · 128k died · +5k net migration
TFR 1.63 · life expectancy 84.3 · median age 45.2
2100
91k born · 129k died · +4k net migration
TFR 1.62 · life expectancy 85.6 · median age 46.0

Every country to 2100 →

Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2024. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Estimates to 2023; projections 2024 to 2100, medium variant and probabilistic intervals. The UN revises every two years; this is the WPP 2024 revision.

🏆 National Teams

Azerbaijan on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.