Madagascar
At a glance
- Official languages
- French, Malagasy
- Currency
- Ariary (MGA)
- Government
- Republic
- Legislature
- Parliament of Madagascar
- Demonym
- Malagasy
- Time zone
- UTC+03:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +261
- Internet TLD
- .mg
- ISO 3166
- MG
- Established
- 1960
- Highest point
- Maromokotro (2,876 m (9,436 ft))
- National anthem
- Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô!
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentLow income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations2 full memberships
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History20 leaders · click to expand
Other
Michael Randrianirina✦ Current
2025–PresentPresident
Andry Rajoelina
2019–2025President
Hery Rajaonarimampianina
2014–2018President
Andry Rajoelina
2009–2014President
Marc Ravalomanana
2002–2009President
Didier Ratsiraka
1997–2002President
Norbert Ratsirahonana
1996–1997President
Albert Zafy
1993–1996President
Didier Ratsiraka
1975–1993President
Gilles Andriamahazo
1975–1975President
Richard Ratsimandrava
1975–1975President
Gabriel Ramanantsoa
1972–1975President
Philibert Tsiranana
1959–1972President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Michael Randrianirina✦ Current | President | 2025–Present |
| Andry Rajoelina | President | 2019–2025 |
| Hery Rajaonarimampianina | President | 2014–2018 |
| Andry Rajoelina | President | 2009–2014 |
| Marc Ravalomanana | President | 2002–2009 |
| Didier Ratsiraka | President | 1997–2002 |
| Norbert Ratsirahonana | President | 1996–1997 |
| Albert Zafy | President | 1993–1996 |
| Didier Ratsiraka | President | 1975–1993 |
| Gilles Andriamahazo | President | 1975–1975 |
| Richard Ratsimandrava | President | 1975–1975 |
| Gabriel Ramanantsoa | President | 1972–1975 |
| Philibert Tsiranana | President | 1959–1972 |
Kingdom of Madagascar
👑 Ranavalona III
1883–1897Queen
👑 Ranavalona II
1868–1883Queen
👑 Rasoherina
1863–1868Queen
👑 Radama II
1861–1863King
👑 Ranavalona I
1828–1861Queen
👑 Radama I
1810–1828King
👑 Andrianampoinimerina
1787–1810King
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Ranavalona III | Queen | 1883–1897 |
| 👑 Ranavalona II | Queen | 1868–1883 |
| 👑 Rasoherina | Queen | 1863–1868 |
| 👑 Radama II | King | 1861–1863 |
| 👑 Ranavalona I | Queen | 1828–1861 |
| 👑 Radama I | King | 1810–1828 |
| 👑 Andrianampoinimerina | King | 1787–1810 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
National Teams
Madagascar on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
Regions
22 entries listed under Madagascar. Click any to see its metros and footprint.
Madagascar metro footprint
7 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
7 tracked metros
| Rank | Metro | State | Population | Score | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #816 | Antananarivo★ Capital▲ Largest | Analamanga | 4.0M | 2.2 | Emerging Metro |
| #2067 | Tôlanaro | Anosy | 361K | 0.4 | Local Metro |
| #2074 | Toamasina | Atsinanana | 351K | 0.4 | Local Metro |
| #2166 | Mahajanga | Boeny | 258K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2276 | Toliara | Atsimo-Andrefana | 175K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2378 | Antsiranana | Diana | 135K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2436 | Nosy Be | Diana | 118K | 0.3 | Local Metro |