East Timor
At a glance
- Official languages
- Portuguese, Tetum
- Currency
- United States dollar ($)
- Government
- Semi-presidential system
- Legislature
- National Parliament
- Demonym
- East Timorese
- Time zone
- UTC+09:00
- Driving side
- Left
- Calling code
- +670
- Internet TLD
- .tl
- ISO 3166
- TL
- Established
- 1975
- Highest point
- Tatamailau (2,963 m (9,721 ft))
- National anthem
- Pátria
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentLower middle income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations2 full memberships
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History6 leaders · click to expand
Xanana Gusmão✦ Current
2023–PresentPresident
Xanana Gusmão✦ Current
2023–PresentPrime Minister
José Ramos-Horta✦ Current
2022–PresentPresident
José Ramos-Horta
2022–2023President
Taur Matan Ruak
2018–2022President
Taur Matan Ruak
2018–2023Prime Minister
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Xanana Gusmão✦ Current | President | 2023–Present |
| Xanana Gusmão✦ Current | Prime Minister | 2023–Present |
| José Ramos-Horta✦ Current | President | 2022–Present |
| José Ramos-Horta | President | 2022–2023 |
| Taur Matan Ruak | President | 2018–2022 |
| Taur Matan Ruak | Prime Minister | 2018–2023 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Conflicts since 19451 interstate war · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indonesian invasion of East Timor● | 1975–1976 | Indonesia | 51,000+ |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”
National Teams
East Timor on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
East Timor metro footprint
1 metroPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
1 tracked metro
| Rank | Metro | State | Population | Score | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #2097 | Dili★ Capital▲ Largest | Dili | 324K | 0.4 | Local Metro |