Afghanistan
At a glance
- Official languages
- Uzbek, Turkmen, Arabic, Balochi, Pashayi +4 more
- Currency
- Afghani (AFN)
- Government
- Islamic theocracy
- Demonym
- Afghan
- Time zone
- UTC+04:30
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +93
- Internet TLD
- .af
- ISO 3166
- AF
- Established
- 1709
- Highest point
- Noshaq (7,492 m (24,580 ft))
- National anthem
- This Is the Home of the Brave
Facts via Wikidata.
Economy and developmentLow income
Ranks are among sovereign countries with data; ★ marks a top-5% finish. Sources: World Bank Open Data and Our World in Data (UNDP, UN, V-Dem; CC BY 4.0). Each figure is the most recent year available.
Alliances & Organisations1 full membership
Security
Political & Economic
Full memberDashed border = Candidate / ApplicantItalic = Dialogue / Observer
Leadership History21 leaders · click to expand
Other
Mohammad Hasan Akhund✦ Current
2023–PresentPrime Minister
Hibatullah Akhundzada✦ Current
2021–PresentPresident
Ashraf Ghani
2014–2021President
Burhanuddin Rabbani
2001–2001President
Mohammad Najibullah
1987–1992President
Mohammed Daoud Khan
1973–1978President
Mohammed Zahir Shah
1933–1973President
Mohammed Nadir Shah
1929–1929President
Habibullāh Kalakāni
1929–1929President
Inayatullah Khan
1929–1929President
Amanullah Khan
1926–1929President
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Mohammad Hasan Akhund✦ Current | Prime Minister | 2023–Present |
| Hibatullah Akhundzada✦ Current | President | 2021–Present |
| Ashraf Ghani | President | 2014–2021 |
| Burhanuddin Rabbani | President | 2001–2001 |
| Mohammad Najibullah | President | 1987–1992 |
| Mohammed Daoud Khan | President | 1973–1978 |
| Mohammed Zahir Shah | President | 1933–1973 |
| Mohammed Nadir Shah | President | 1929–1929 |
| Habibullāh Kalakāni | President | 1929–1929 |
| Inayatullah Khan | President | 1929–1929 |
| Amanullah Khan | President | 1926–1929 |
Emirate of Afghanistan
👑 Amanullah Khan
1919–1926Monarch
👑 Habibullah Khan
1901–1919Monarch
👑 Abdur Rahman Khan
1880–1901Monarch
👑 Sher Ali Khan
1863–1880Monarch
👑 Dost Mohammad Khan
1826–1863Monarch
👑 Shah Shuja
1803–1826Monarch
👑 Mahmud Shah
1801–1803Monarch
👑 Zaman Shah
1793–1801Monarch
👑 Timur Shah Durrani
1772–1793Monarch
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Amanullah Khan | Monarch | 1919–1926 |
| 👑 Habibullah Khan | Monarch | 1901–1919 |
| 👑 Abdur Rahman Khan | Monarch | 1880–1901 |
| 👑 Sher Ali Khan | Monarch | 1863–1880 |
| 👑 Dost Mohammad Khan | Monarch | 1826–1863 |
| 👑 Shah Shuja | Monarch | 1803–1826 |
| 👑 Mahmud Shah | Monarch | 1801–1803 |
| 👑 Zaman Shah | Monarch | 1793–1801 |
| 👑 Timur Shah Durrani | Monarch | 1772–1793 |
Durrani Empire
👑 Ahmad Shah Durrani
1747–1772King
| Name | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| 👑 Ahmad Shah Durrani | King | 1747–1772 |
Power over timeThe Power Atlas →
The powerline is the headline share of world power, running from the state’s first ranked year (benchmark estimates with wide error bars before 1816). Latent power is material mass a state could mobilise (population, manpower, heavy industry). Recognised power is what the system actually treats it as (military spending, productive economy, reach, and status such as a Security Council seat or nuclear arsenal). When latent runs above recognised, a power is rising or under-rated; when recognised runs higher, it is punching above its weight or coasting on prestige. Material sub-indices run 1816 through 2016.
Conflicts since 19453 interstate wars · click to expand
| Conflict | Years | Against | Combat deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 Afghanistan–Pakistan war | 2026–present | Pakistan | 100–457 |
| United States invasion of Afghanistan | 2001 | Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan | 9,550–14,388 |
| Soviet–Afghan War● | 1979–1989 | Afghan Mujahideen,Afghan Interim Government,Pakistan | 600,000–2,000,000 |
Bold = principal belligerent. Source: Wikipedia, “List of interstate wars since 1945.”
Billionaires1 · $1.4B combined · click to expand
| # | Name | Net worth | Industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2769 | Mirwais Azizi(inherited) | $1.4B | Real Estate |
Source: Forbes real-time billionaires (via the rtb-api project). Net worth as of the latest monthly snapshot.
National Teams
Afghanistan on the international stage. Click a card for the full record.
Provinces
34 entries listed under Afghanistan. Click any to see its metros and footprint.
Afghanistan metro footprint
9 metrosPolygons shaded by composite tier. Hover for rank, click to open the metro page. Boundaries derived from Overture Maps administrative divisions; metros without source coverage are omitted.
9 tracked metros
| Rank | Metro | State | Population | Score | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #519 | Kabul★ Capital▲ Largest | Kābul | 5.1M | 4.5 | Emerging Metro |
| #1580 | Kandahar | Kandahār | 633K | 0.7 | Local Metro |
| #1629 | Mazar-e Sharif | Balkh | 484K | 0.7 | Local Metro |
| #1828 | Herat | Herāt | 851K | 0.5 | Local Metro |
| #2151 | Jalalabad | Nangarhār | 272K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #2324 | Khost | Khōst | 156K | 0.3 | Local Metro |
| #3042 | Kunduz | Kunduz | 366K | 0.1 | Local Metro |
| #3145 | Taluqan | Takhār | 259K | 0.1 | Local Metro |
| #3524 | Tarinkot | Urūzgān | 116K | 0.0 | Local Metro |